Focused Passage

Joshua 24:1-13

Covenant Renewal at Shechem and the Death of Joshua

Joshua gathers Israel at Shechem, rehearses the LORD’s gracious acts, calls the people to choose whom they will serve, renews covenant with them, sets up a witness stone, and the book closes with the deaths and burials of Joshua and Eleazar and the burial of Joseph’s bones.

Berean Standard Bible, Public Domain - Translation notes - Reference sources

1Then Joshua assembled all the tribes of Israel at Shechem. He summoned the elders, leaders, judges, and officers of Israel, and they presented themselves before God.

2And Joshua said to all the people, “This is what the LORD, the God of Israel, says: ‘Long ago your fathers, including Terah the father of Abraham and Nahor, lived beyond the Euphrates and worshiped other gods.

3But I took your father Abraham from beyond the Euphrates and led him through all the land of Canaan, and I multiplied his descendants. I gave him Isaac,

4and to Isaac I gave Jacob and Esau. I gave Esau Mount Seir to possess, but Jacob and his sons went down to Egypt.

5Then I sent Moses and Aaron, and I afflicted the Egyptians by what I did there, and afterward I brought you out.

6When I brought your fathers out of Egypt and you reached the Red Sea, the Egyptians pursued them with chariots and horsemen as far as the Red Sea.

7So your fathers cried out to the LORD, and He put darkness between you and the Egyptians, over whom He brought the sea and engulfed them. Your very eyes saw what I did to the Egyptians. Then you lived in the wilderness for a long time.

8Later, I brought you to the land of the Amorites who lived beyond the Jordan. They fought against you, but I delivered them into your hand, that you should possess their land when I destroyed them before you.

9Then Balak son of Zippor, the king of Moab, set out to fight against Israel. He sent for Balaam son of Beor to curse you,

10but I would not listen to Balaam. So he blessed you again and again, and I delivered you from his hand.

11After this, you crossed the Jordan and came to Jericho. The people of Jericho fought against you, as did the Amorites, Perizzites, Canaanites, Hittites, Girgashites, Hivites, and Jebusites, and I delivered them into your hand.

12I sent the hornet ahead of you, and it drove out the two Amorite kings before you, but not by your own sword or bow.

13So I gave you a land on which you did not toil and cities that you did not build, and now you live in them and eat from vineyards and olive groves that you did not plant.’

Study Helps

References and Original Words

Verse 1

Original words

Then Joshuaיְהוֹשֻׁ֛עַH3091Noun - proper - masculine singular-אֶת־H853Direct object markerassembledוַיֶּאֶסֹ֧ףH622Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singularallכָּל־H3605Noun - masculine singular constructthe tribesשִׁבְטֵ֥יH7626Noun - masculine plural constructof Israelיִשְׂרָאֵ֖לH3478Noun - proper - masculine singularat Shechemשְׁכֶ֑מָהH7927Noun - proper - feminine singular | third person feminine singularHe summonedוַיִּקְרָא֩H7121Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singularthe eldersלְזִקְנֵ֨יH2205Preposition-l | Adjective - masculine plural constructleadersוּלְרָאשָׁ֗יוH7218Conjunctive waw, Preposition-l | Noun - masculine plural construct | third person masculine singularjudgesוּלְשֹֽׁפְטָיו֙H8199Conjunctive waw, Preposition-l | Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine plural construct | third person masculine singularand officersוּלְשֹׁ֣טְרָ֔יוH7860Conjunctive waw, Preposition-l | Noun - masculine plural construct | third person masculine singularof Israelיִשְׂרָאֵ֜לH3478Noun - proper - masculine singularand they presentedוַיִּֽתְיַצְּב֖וּH3320Conjunctive waw | Verb - Hitpael - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine pluralthemselves beforeלִפְנֵ֥יH6440Preposition-l | Noun - common plural constructGodהָאֱלֹהִֽים׃H430Article | Noun - masculine plural
Verse 2

Original words

And Joshuaיְהוֹשֻׁ֜עַH3091Noun - proper - masculine singularsaidוַיֹּ֨אמֶרH559Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singulartoאֶל־H413Prepositionallכָּל־H3605Noun - masculine singular constructthe peopleהָעָ֗םH5971Article | Noun - masculine singularThis is whatכֹּֽה־H3541Adverbthe LORDיְהוָה֮H3068Noun - proper - masculine singularthe Godאֱלֹהֵ֣יH430Noun - masculine plural constructof Israelיִשְׂרָאֵל֒H3478Noun - proper - masculine singularsaysאָמַ֣רH559Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person masculine singularLong agoמֵֽעוֹלָ֔םH5769Preposition-m | Noun - masculine singularyour fathersאֲבֽוֹתֵיכֶם֙H1Noun - masculine plural construct | second person masculine pluralincluding Terahתֶּ֛רַחH8646Noun - proper - masculine singularthe fatherאֲבִ֥יH1Noun - masculine singular constructof Abrahamאַבְרָהָ֖םH85Noun - proper - masculine singular. . .וַאֲבִ֣יH1Conjunctive waw | Noun - masculine singular constructand Nahorנָח֑וֹרH5152Noun - proper - masculine singularlivedיָשְׁב֤וּH3427Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person common pluralbeyondבְּעֵ֣בֶרH5676Preposition-b | Noun - masculine singular constructthe Euphratesהַנָּהָ֗רH5104Article | Noun - masculine singularand worshipedוַיַּעַבְד֖וּH5647Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine pluralotherאֲחֵרִֽים׃H312Adjective - masculine pluralgodsאֱלֹהִ֥יםH430Noun - masculine plural

BSB notes

  • Hebrew the River; also in verses 3, 14, and 15
Verse 3

Original words

But I tookוָ֠אֶקַּחH3947Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - first person common singular-אֶת־H853Direct object markeryour fatherאֲבִיכֶ֤םH1Noun - masculine singular construct | second person masculine plural-אֶת־H853Direct object markerAbrahamאַבְרָהָם֙H85Noun - proper - masculine singularfrom beyondמֵעֵ֣בֶרH5676Preposition-m | Noun - masculine singular constructthe Euphratesהַנָּהָ֔רH5104Article | Noun - masculine singularand ledוָאוֹלֵ֥ךְH1980Conjunctive waw | Verb - Hifil - Consecutive imperfect - first person common singularhimאוֹת֖וֹH853Direct object marker | third person masculine singularthrough allבְּכָל־H3605Preposition-b | Noun - masculine singular constructthe landאֶ֣רֶץH776Noun - feminine singular constructof Canaanכְּנָ֑עַןH3667Noun - proper - masculine singularand I multipliedוָאֶרֶבH7235Conjunctive waw | Verb - Hifil - Consecutive imperfect - first person common singular-אֶת־H853Direct object markerhis descendantsזַרְע֔וֹH2233Noun - masculine singular construct | third person masculine singularI gaveוָֽאֶתֶּן־H5414Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - first person common singularhimל֖וֹPreposition | third person masculine singular-אֶת־H853Direct object markerIsaacיִצְחָֽק׃H3327Noun - proper - masculine singular
Verse 4

Original words

and to Isaacלְיִצְחָ֔קH3327Preposition-l | Noun - proper - masculine singular-אֶֽת־H853Direct object markerI gaveוָאֶתֵּ֣ןH5414Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - first person common singularJacobיַעֲקֹ֖בH3290Noun - proper - masculine singular-וְאֶת־H853Conjunctive waw | Direct object markerand Esauעֵשָׂ֑וH6215Noun - proper - masculine singularI gaveוָאֶתֵּ֨ןH5414Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - first person common singularEsauלְעֵשָׂ֜וH6215Preposition-l | Noun - proper - masculine singular-אֶת־H853Direct object markerMountהַ֤רH2022Noun - masculine singular constructSeirשֵׂעִיר֙H8165Noun - proper - feminine singularto possessלָרֶ֣שֶׁתH3423Preposition-l | Verb - Qal - Infinitive construct-אוֹת֔וֹH853Direct object marker | third person masculine singularbut Jacobוְיַעֲקֹ֥בH3290Conjunctive waw | Noun - proper - masculine singularand his sonsוּבָנָ֖יוH1121Conjunctive waw | Noun - masculine plural construct | third person masculine singularwent downיָרְד֥וּH3381Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person common pluralto Egyptמִצְרָֽיִם׃H4714Noun - proper - feminine singular
Verse 5

Original words

Then I sentוָאֶשְׁלַ֞חH7971Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - first person common singular-אֶת־H853Direct object markerMosesמֹשֶׁ֤הH4872Noun - proper - masculine singular-וְאֶֽת־H853Conjunctive waw | Direct object markerand Aaronאַהֲרֹן֙H175Noun - proper - masculine singularand I afflictedוָאֶגֹּ֣ףH5062Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - first person common singular-אֶת־H853Direct object markerthe Egyptiansמִצְרַ֔יִםH4714Noun - proper - feminine singularby whatכַּאֲשֶׁ֥רH834Preposition-k | Pronoun - relativeI didעָשִׂ֖יתִיH6213Verb - Qal - Perfect - first person common singularthereבְּקִרְבּ֑וֹH7130Preposition-b | Noun - masculine singular construct | third person masculine singularand afterwardוְאַחַ֖רH310Conjunctive waw | AdverbI brought you outהוֹצֵ֥אתִיH3318Verb - Hifil - Perfect - first person common singular-אֶתְכֶֽם׃H853Direct object marker | second person masculine plural
Verse 6

Original words

When I broughtוָֽאוֹצִ֤יאH3318Conjunctive waw | Verb - Hifil - Consecutive imperfect - first person common singularyour fathersאֲבֽוֹתֵיכֶם֙H1Noun - masculine plural construct | second person masculine plural-אֶת־H853Direct object markerout of Egyptמִמִּצְרַ֔יִםH4714Preposition-m | Noun - proper - feminine singularand you reachedוַתָּבֹ֖אוּH935Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - second person masculine pluralthe Red Seaהַיָּ֑מָּהH3220Article | Noun - masculine singular | third person feminine singularthe Egyptiansמִצְרַ֜יִםH4713Noun - proper - feminine singularpursuedוַיִּרְדְּפ֨וּH7291Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine plural. . .אַחֲרֵ֧יH310Preposition[them]אֲבוֹתֵיכֶ֛םH1Noun - masculine plural construct | second person masculine pluralwith chariotsבְּרֶ֥כֶבH7393Preposition-b | Noun - masculine singularand horsemenוּבְפָרָשִׁ֖יםH6571Conjunctive waw, Preposition-b | Noun - masculine pluralas far as the Red Seaיַם־H3220Noun - masculine singular construct. . .סֽוּף׃H5488Noun - masculine singular

BSB notes

  • Or the Sea of Reeds
Verse 7

Original words

So [your fathers] cried outוַיִּצְעֲק֣וּH6817Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine pluraltoאֶל־H413Prepositionthe LORDיְהוָ֗הH3068Noun - proper - masculine singularand He putוַיָּ֨שֶׂםH7760Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singulardarknessמַֽאֲפֵ֜לH3990Noun - masculine singularbetweenבֵּינֵיכֶ֣ם׀H996Preposition | second person masculine plural. . .וּבֵ֣יןH996Conjunctive waw | Prepositionyou and the Egyptiansהַמִּצְרִ֗יםH4713Article | Noun - proper - masculine pluralover whomעָלָ֤יוH5921Preposition | third person masculine singular-אֶת־H853Direct object markerHe broughtוַיָּבֵ֨אH935Conjunctive waw | Verb - Hifil - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singularthe seaהַיָּם֙H3220Article | Noun - masculine singularand engulfed themוַיְכַסֵּ֔הוּH3680Conjunctive waw | Verb - Piel - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular | third person masculine singularYour very eyesעֵינֵיכֶ֔םH5869Noun - cdc | second person masculine plural-אֵ֥תH853Direct object markersawוַתִּרְאֶ֙ינָה֙H7200Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person feminine pluralwhatאֲשֶׁר־H834Pronoun - relativeI didעָשִׂ֖יתִיH6213Verb - Qal - Perfect - first person common singularto the Egyptiansבְּמִצְרָ֑יִםH4714Preposition-b | Noun - proper - feminine singularThen you livedוַתֵּשְׁב֥וּH3427Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - second person masculine pluralin the wildernessבַמִּדְבָּ֖רH4057Preposition-b, Article | Noun - masculine singularfor a longרַבִּֽים׃H7227Adjective - masculine pluraltimeיָמִ֥יםH3117Noun - masculine plural
Verse 8

Original words

Later, I broughtוָאָבִאָהH935Conjunctive waw | Verb - Hifil - Consecutive imperfect - first person common singular-אֶתְכֶ֗םH853Direct object marker | second person masculine pluralyou toאֶל־H413Prepositionthe landאֶ֤רֶץH776Noun - feminine singular constructof the Amoritesהָאֱמֹרִי֙H567Article | Noun - proper - masculine singularwho livedהַיּוֹשֵׁב֙H3427Article | Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine singularbeyondבְּעֵ֣בֶרH5676Preposition-b | Noun - masculine singular constructthe Jordanהַיַּרְדֵּ֔ןH3383Article | Noun - proper - feminine singularThey foughtוַיִּֽלָּחֲמ֖וּH3898Conjunctive waw | Verb - Nifal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine pluralagainst youאִתְּכֶ֑םH854Preposition | second person masculine pluralbut I deliveredוָאֶתֵּ֨ןH5414Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - first person common singularthemאוֹתָ֤םH853Direct object marker | third person masculine pluralinto your handבְּיֶדְכֶם֙H3027Preposition-b | Noun - feminine singular construct | second person masculine pluralthat you should possessוַתִּֽירְשׁ֣וּH3423Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - second person masculine plural-אֶת־H853Direct object markertheir landאַרְצָ֔םH776Noun - feminine singular construct | third person masculine pluralwhen I destroyed themוָאַשְׁמִידֵ֖םH8045Conjunctive waw | Verb - Hifil - Consecutive imperfect - first person common singular | third person masculine pluralbefore youמִפְּנֵיכֶֽם׃H6440Preposition-m | Noun - masculine plural construct | second person masculine plural
Verse 9

Original words

Then Balakבָּלָ֤קH1111Noun - proper - masculine singularsonבֶּן־H1121Noun - masculine singular constructof Zipporצִפּוֹר֙H6834Noun - proper - masculine singularthe kingמֶ֣לֶךְH4428Noun - masculine singular constructof Moabמוֹאָ֔בH4124Noun - proper - feminine singularset outוַיָּ֨קָםH6965Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singularto fightוַיִּלָּ֖חֶםH3898Conjunctive waw | Verb - Nifal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singularagainst Israelבְּיִשְׂרָאֵ֑לH3478Preposition-b | Noun - proper - masculine singularHe sentוַיִּשְׁלַ֗חH7971Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular. . .וַיִּקְרָ֛אH7121Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singularfor Balaamלְבִלְעָ֥םH1109Preposition-l | Noun - proper - masculine singularsonבֶּן־H1121Noun - masculine singular constructof Beorבְּע֖וֹרH1160Noun - proper - masculine singularto curse youלְקַלֵּ֥לH7043Preposition-l | Verb - Piel - Infinitive construct-אֶתְכֶֽם׃H853Direct object marker | second person masculine plural
Verse 10

Original words

but I wouldאָבִ֖יתִיH14Verb - Qal - Perfect - first person common singularnotוְלֹ֥אH3808Conjunctive waw | Adverb - Negative particlelistenלִשְׁמֹ֣עַH8085Preposition-l | Verb - Qal - Infinitive constructto Balaamלְבִלְעָ֑םH1109Preposition-l | Noun - proper - masculine singularSo he blessed you again and againוַיְבָ֤רֶךְH1288Conjunctive waw | Verb - Piel - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular. . .בָּרוֹךְ֙H1288Verb - Piel - Infinitive absolute. . .אֶתְכֶ֔םH853Direct object marker | second person masculine pluraland I deliveredוָאַצִּ֥לH5337Conjunctive waw | Verb - Hifil - Consecutive imperfect - first person common singularyouאֶתְכֶ֖םH853Direct object marker | second person masculine pluralfrom his handמִיָּדֽוֹ׃H3027Preposition-m | Noun - feminine singular construct | third person masculine singular
Verse 11

Original words

After this, you crossedוַתַּעַבְר֣וּH5674Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - second person masculine plural-אֶת־H853Direct object markerthe Jordanהַיַּרְדֵּן֮H3383Article | Noun - proper - feminine singularand cameוַתָּבֹ֣אוּH935Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - second person masculine pluraltoאֶל־H413PrepositionJerichoיְרִיחוֹ֒H3405Noun - proper - feminine singularThe peopleבַּעֲלֵֽי־H1167Noun - masculine plural constructof Jerichoיְ֠רִיחוֹH3405Noun - proper - feminine singularfoughtוַיִּלָּחֲמ֣וּH3898Conjunctive waw | Verb - Nifal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine pluralagainst youבָכֶ֣םPreposition | second person masculine pluralas did the Amoritesהָֽאֱמֹרִ֨יH567Article | Noun - proper - masculine singularPerizzitesוְהַפְּרִזִּ֜יH6522Conjunctive waw, Article | Noun - proper - masculine singularCanaanitesוְהַֽכְּנַעֲנִ֗יH3669Conjunctive waw, Article | Noun - proper - masculine singularHittitesוְהַֽחִתִּי֙H2850Conjunctive waw, Article | Noun - proper - masculine singularGirgashitesוְהַגִּרְגָּשִׁ֔יH1622Conjunctive waw, Article | Noun - proper - masculine singularHivitesהַֽחִוִּ֖יH2340Article | Noun - proper - masculine singularand Jebusitesוְהַיְבוּסִ֑יH2983Conjunctive waw, Article | Noun - proper - masculine singularand I deliveredוָאֶתֵּ֥ןH5414Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - first person common singularthemאוֹתָ֖םH853Direct object marker | third person masculine pluralinto your handבְּיֶדְכֶֽם׃H3027Preposition-b | Noun - feminine singular construct | second person masculine plural
Verse 12

Original words

I sentוָאֶשְׁלַ֤חH7971Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - first person common singularthe hornetהַצִּרְעָ֔הH6880Article | Noun - feminine singularahead of youלִפְנֵיכֶם֙H6440Preposition-l | Noun - masculine plural construct | second person masculine plural-אֶת־H853Direct object markerand it drove outוַתְּגָ֤רֶשׁH1644Conjunctive waw | Verb - Piel - Consecutive imperfect - third person feminine singular-אוֹתָם֙H853Direct object marker | third person masculine pluralthe twoשְׁנֵ֖יH8147Number - masculine dual constructAmoriteהָאֱמֹרִ֑יH567Article | Noun - proper - masculine singularkingsמַלְכֵ֣יH4428Noun - masculine plural constructbefore youמִפְּנֵיכֶ֔םH6440Preposition-m | Noun - masculine plural construct | second person masculine plural[but] notלֹ֥אH3808Adverb - Negative particleby your own swordבְחַרְבְּךָ֖H2719Preposition-b | Noun - feminine singular construct | second person masculine singular. . .וְלֹ֥אH3808Conjunctive waw | Adverb - Negative particleor bowבְקַשְׁתֶּֽךָ׃H7198Preposition-b | Noun - feminine singular construct | second person masculine singular
Verse 13

Original words

So I gaveוָאֶתֵּ֨ןH5414Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - first person common singularyouלָכֶ֜םPreposition | second person masculine plurala landאֶ֣רֶץ׀H776Noun - feminine singularon whichאֲשֶׁ֧רH834Pronoun - relativeyou did notלֹֽא־H3808Adverb - Negative particletoilיָגַ֣עְתָּH3021Verb - Qal - Perfect - second person masculine singularand citiesוְעָרִים֙H5892Conjunctive waw | Noun - feminine pluralthatאֲשֶׁ֣רH834Pronoun - relativeyou did notלֹא־H3808Adverb - Negative particlebuildבְנִיתֶ֔םH1129Verb - Qal - Perfect - second person masculine pluraland now you liveוַתֵּשְׁב֖וּH3427Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - second person masculine pluralin themבָּהֶ֑םPreposition | third person masculine plural-אַתֶּ֖םH859Pronoun - second person masculine pluraland eatאֹכְלִֽים׃H398Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine pluralfrom vineyardsכְּרָמִ֤יםH3754Noun - masculine pluraland olive grovesוְזֵיתִים֙H2132Conjunctive waw | Noun - masculine pluralthatאֲשֶׁ֣רH834Pronoun - relativeyou did notלֹֽא־H3808Adverb - Negative particleplantנְטַעְתֶּ֔םH5193Verb - Qal - Perfect - second person masculine plural

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