OliveGrove
Pressing the Word of God for Deeper Understanding.
Greek · G3361, G1097 · unreviewed

μὴ γνοὺς

Not · to know

These lexicon entries are being actively developed. If you notice missing content, incorrect definitions, or have suggestions, we'd love to hear from you. Share a note on our Connect page and include a screenshot if helpful.

Words in this compound — expand to study each participant

μή G3361 not
Pronunciation mḗ
Subjective negation: denies what one thinks or believes, not absolute fact; used with non-indicative moods
Open lexicon entry →
γινώσκω G1097 to know
Pronunciation ginṓskō
Know through experience and observation, distinct from οἶδα which is reflective knowing based on intuition or information
Open lexicon entry →

What does μὴ γνοὺς (mē gnous) mean in the Bible?

μή · γινώσκω is a Greek word meaning "not having known".

Full entry for μὴ γνοὺς (G3361, G1097) · Browse the biblical lexicon

Meaning

not having known
Grammatical Forms

How this word appears across different grammatical cases and numbers.

Matt 1:19 · Matt 1:20 · Matt 2:12 · Matt 3:9 · Matt 3:10 · Matt 5:13 · Matt 5:17 · Matt 5:18 · Matt 5:20 · Matt 5:26 · Matt 5:29 · Matt 5:30 · Matt 5:34 · Matt 5:39 · Matt 5:42 · Matt 6:1 945×
Matt 7:9 · Matt 7:10 · Matt 9:15 · Matt 11:23 · Mark 2:19 · Luke 5:34 · Luke 10:15 · Luke 17:9 · Luke 18:7 · Luke 22:35 · John 3:4 · John 4:12 · John 4:33 · John 6:67 · John 7:31 · John 7:35 57×
Matt 18:10 · Matt 24:4 · Mark 13:5 · Mark 13:36 · Luke 11:35 · Luke 21:8 · Acts 5:26 · Acts 13:40 · Acts 23:10 · Acts 27:17 · Acts 27:29 · Acts 27:42 · 1 Cor 8:9 · 1 Cor 9:27 · 1 Cor 10:12 · 2 Cor 2:7 34×
1036 total occurrences across all forms in the biblical text Morphology: MorphGNT SBLGNT — CC BY-SA 3.0
Discourse Aspect

How this verb appears across 219 occurrences in the NT discourse index (MACULA Greek SBLGNT).

Aspect
completed 44 ongoing 54 prospective 17 resultant 19 imperative 14 background 5 subjunctive 19 infinitive 18 participle 29
Tense
aorist 97 present 79 perfect 19 future 17 imperfect 5 pluperfect 2
Voice
active 194 middle 13 passive 12
Mood
indicative 139 participle 29 subjunctive 19 infinitive 18 imperative 14
NT Occurrences
Matthew 1:25 ἐγίνωσκεν imperfect active indicative background Matthew 6:3 γνώτω aorist active imperative imperative Matthew 7:23 ἔγνων aorist active indicative completed Matthew 9:30 γινωσκέτω present active imperative imperative Matthew 10:26 γνωσθήσεται future passive indicative prospective Matthew 12:15 γνοὺς aorist active participle participle Matthew 12:33 γινώσκεται present passive indicative ongoing Matthew 12:7 ἐγνώκειτε pluperfect active indicative resultant Matthew 13:11 γνῶναι aorist active infinitive infinitive Matthew 16:3 γινώσκετε present active indicative ongoing Matthew 16:8 γνοὺς aorist active participle participle Matthew 21:45 ἔγνωσαν aorist active indicative completed Matthew 22:18 γνοὺς aorist active participle participle Matthew 24:32 γινώσκετε present active indicative ongoing Matthew 24:33 γινώσκετε present active indicative ongoing Matthew 24:39 ἔγνωσαν aorist active indicative completed Matthew 24:43 γινώσκετε present active imperative imperative Matthew 24:50 γινώσκει present active indicative ongoing Matthew 25:24 ἔγνων aorist active indicative completed Matthew 26:10 γνοὺς aorist active participle participle Mark 4:13 γνώσεσθε future middle indicative prospective Mark 5:29 ἔγνω aorist active indicative completed Mark 5:43 γνοῖ aorist active subjunctive subjunctive Mark 6:38 γνόντες aorist active participle participle Mark 7:24 γνῶναι aorist active infinitive infinitive Mark 8:17 γνοὺς aorist active participle participle Mark 9:30 γνοῖ aorist active subjunctive subjunctive Mark 12:12 ἔγνωσαν aorist active indicative completed Mark 13:28 γινώσκετε present active indicative ongoing Mark 13:29 γινώσκετε present active imperative imperative Mark 15:10 ἐγίνωσκεν imperfect active indicative background Mark 15:45 γνοὺς aorist active participle participle Luke 1:18 γνώσομαι future middle indicative prospective Luke 1:34 γινώσκω present active indicative ongoing Luke 2:43 ἔγνωσαν aorist active indicative completed Luke 6:44 γινώσκεται present passive indicative ongoing Luke 7:39 ἐγίνωσκεν imperfect active indicative background Luke 8:10 γνῶναι aorist active infinitive infinitive Luke 8:17 γνωσθῇ aorist passive subjunctive subjunctive Luke 8:46 ἔγνων aorist active indicative completed +179 more occurrences

Aspect reflects grammatical form — not authorial emphasis. Participles and infinitives are verbal adjectives and nouns respectively.

Clause data: MACULA Greek (Clear Bible, CC BY 4.0) · SBLGNT (Logos/SBL, CC BY 4.0)

Word Pictures (Robertson)

A.T. Robertson's Word Pictures in the New Testament (1930–31) discusses this term in the following chapters. Open any chapter and go to the Word Pictures tab to read his verse-by-verse commentary.

Acts 19 — The Word of the Lord Grows Mightily in Ephesus Acts 8 — The Scattered Church Carries Christ Beyond Jerusalem John 10 — The Good Shepherd, the Door, and the Son One with the Father John 14 — The Way, the Truth, and the Life, the Father Revealed in the Son, and the Promise of the Spirit John 16 — The Spirit’s Convicting Witness, the Disciples’ Sorrow Turned to Joy, and Christ’s Victory over the World John 17 — The Son’s High Priestly Prayer: Glory, Preservation, Sanctification, Unity, Mission, and Love John 2 — The First Sign, the True Temple, and the Glory of Jesus Revealed John 20 — The Risen Lord: Empty Tomb, Eyewitness Faith, Peace, Mission, Spirit, Thomas, and the Purpose of the Gospel John 7 — The Feast, the Divided Crowd, and the Living Water of Jesus Matthew 16 — The Confession of the Christ, the Church Christ Builds, and the Cross-Shaped Way of Discipleship Matthew 7 — Kingdom Discernment, the Narrow Way, and the Wise Builder Philippians 3 — Counting All Things Loss and Pressing On Toward Christ

A.T. Robertson, Word Pictures in the New Testament (1930–31) — public domain

Sources

MorphGNT Strong's Dictionary XML — CC0 1.0 Public Domain

Open Scriptures Hebrew Bible (morphhb/OSHB) — CC BY 4.0

Open Scriptures Hebrew Lexicon — CC BY 4.0

STEPBible Data — CC BY 4.0

Full license details