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Greek · G3936 · unreviewed

παρίστημι

To stand by

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παρίστημι G3936
Pronunciation parístēmi

What does παρίστημι (parístēmi) mean in the Bible?

παρίστημι (parístēmi) is a Greek word meaning "to stand by". παρ-ίστημι [in LXX for עָמַד, etc. Describes intentional self-surrender in response to grace.

Full entry for παρίστημι (G3936) · Browse the biblical lexicon

Meaning

to stand by
Extended definition

To place alongside or present for approval; intransitively, to stand present or appear before someone.

ITransitive verb. in present tense., imperfect., future tense., 1 aorist.;
1to place beside, present, provide: with accusative, Act.9:41 23:24, 2Co.4:14, Col.1:28; with accusative and dative, Mat.26:53, Luk.2:22, Act.1:3 23:33, 1Co.8:8; before accusative pred., Rom.6:13, 16 (late pres., παριστάνετε), Rom.6:19 12:1, 2Co.11:2, Eph.5:27, Col.1:22, 2Ti.2:15.
2to present to the mind (cl.) : by argument, to prove (Xen., FlJ, al.), with accusative, Act.24:13.
IIIntransitive. in perfect., pluperfect., 2 aorist.;
1to stand by or beside one : with dative of person(s), Act.1:10 9:39 23:2 27:23; ptcp., Mrk.14:47, 69-70 15:35, 39 Jhn.18:22 19:26.
2to appear: with nom. pred., before ἐνώπιον, Act.4:10; with dative of person(s), Act.27:24; so fut. mid. (of. LS, see word, B, ii, 2), Rom.14:10.
3to be at hand, be present, have come: Act.4:26 (LXX); of servants in attendance, ἐνώπιον τ. θεοῦ, Luk.1:19; absol., οἱ παρεστῶτες, Luk.19:24; before αὐτῷ, Act.23:2, 4; of time, Mrk.4:29
4to stand by for help or defence (Hom., Dem., Xen., al.): with dative of person(s), Rom.16:2, 2Ti.4:17.
Source: STEPBible TBESG + Abbott-Smith
Why This Word Matters
Describes intentional self-surrender in response to grace. 2 Timothy 4:16-18
Paul emphasizes the Lord's active presence when human companions failed. Romans 12:1-2
Grammatical Forms

How mood, tense, and voice shift the force of this verb in context.

Tenses
Aorist Future Perfect Pluperfect Present
Voices
Active Middle
Infinitive verbal noun — the action in abstract 8×
Aorist Active Luke 2:22 · Acts 23:24 · Acts 24:13 · Acts 27:24 · Rom 12:1 · 2 Cor 11:2 · Col 1:22 · 2 Tim 2:15 8×
Indicative states a fact or reality 16×
Aorist Active Acts 1:3 · Acts 9:41 · Acts 27:23 · 2 Tim 4:17 · Acts 4:26 · Acts 9:39 · Acts 23:33 · Rom 6:19 8×
Future Active Matt 26:53 · 1 Cor 8:8 · 2 Cor 4:14 3×
Perfect Active Mark 4:29 · Acts 4:10 2×
Pluperfect Active Acts 1:10 1×
Present Active Rom 6:16 1×
Future Middle Rom 14:10 1×
Participle verbal adjective — the action as a modifying quality 11×
Perfect Active Mark 14:69 · Luke 19:24 · Acts 23:2 · Mark 15:39 · Luke 1:19 · John 18:22 · Mark 14:47 · Mark 15:35 · Mark 14:70 · Acts 23:4 · John 19:26 11×
Imperative command or strong request 3×
Aorist Active Rom 6:13 · Rom 6:19 2×
Present Active Rom 6:13 1×
Subjunctive possibility, probability, or purpose 3×
Aorist Active Rom 16:2 · Eph 5:27 · Col 1:28 3×
41 total occurrences across all forms in the biblical text Morphology: MorphGNT SBLGNT — CC BY-SA 3.0
Discourse Aspect

How this verb appears across 41 occurrences in the NT discourse index (MACULA Greek SBLGNT).

Aspect
completed 8 ongoing 1 prospective 4 resultant 3 imperative 3 subjunctive 3 infinitive 8 participle 11
Tense
aorist 21 perfect 13 future 4 present 2 pluperfect 1
Voice
active 40 middle 1
Mood
indicative 16 participle 11 infinitive 8 subjunctive 3 imperative 3
NT Occurrences
Matthew 26:53 παραστήσει future active indicative prospective Mark 4:29 παρέστηκεν perfect active indicative resultant Mark 14:47 παρεστηκότων perfect active participle participle Mark 14:69 παρεστῶσιν perfect active participle participle Mark 14:70 παρεστῶτες perfect active participle participle Mark 15:35 παρεστηκότων perfect active participle participle Mark 15:39 παρεστηκὼς perfect active participle participle Luke 1:19 παρεστηκὼς perfect active participle participle Luke 2:22 παραστῆσαι aorist active infinitive infinitive Luke 19:24 παρεστῶσιν perfect active participle participle John 18:22 παρεστηκὼς perfect active participle participle John 19:26 παρεστῶτα perfect active participle participle Acts 1:10 παρειστήκεισαν pluperfect active indicative resultant Acts 1:3 παρέστησεν aorist active indicative completed Acts 4:10 παρέστηκεν perfect active indicative resultant Acts 4:26 παρέστησαν aorist active indicative completed Acts 9:39 παρέστησαν aorist active indicative completed Acts 9:41 παρέστησεν aorist active indicative completed Acts 23:2 παρεστῶσιν perfect active participle participle Acts 23:24 παραστῆσαι aorist active infinitive infinitive Acts 23:33 παρέστησαν aorist active indicative completed Acts 23:4 παρεστῶτες perfect active participle participle Acts 24:13 παραστῆσαι aorist active infinitive infinitive Acts 27:23 παρέστη aorist active indicative completed Acts 27:24 παραστῆναι aorist active infinitive infinitive Romans 6:13 παριστάνετε present active imperative imperative Romans 6:13 παραστήσατε aorist active imperative imperative Romans 6:16 παριστάνετε present active indicative ongoing Romans 6:19 παρεστήσατε aorist active indicative completed Romans 6:19 παραστήσατε aorist active imperative imperative Romans 12:1 παραστῆσαι aorist active infinitive infinitive Romans 14:10 παραστησόμεθα future middle indicative prospective Romans 16:2 παραστῆτε aorist active subjunctive subjunctive 1 Corinthians 8:8 παραστήσει future active indicative prospective 2 Corinthians 4:14 παραστήσει future active indicative prospective 2 Corinthians 11:2 παραστῆσαι aorist active infinitive infinitive Ephesians 5:27 παραστήσῃ aorist active subjunctive subjunctive Colossians 1:22 παραστῆσαι aorist active infinitive infinitive Colossians 1:28 παραστήσωμεν aorist active subjunctive subjunctive 2 Timothy 2:15 παραστῆσαι aorist active infinitive infinitive +1 more occurrences

Aspect reflects grammatical form — not authorial emphasis. Participles and infinitives are verbal adjectives and nouns respectively.

Clause data: MACULA Greek (Clear Bible, CC BY 4.0) · SBLGNT (Logos/SBL, CC BY 4.0)

Biblical Occurrences

Each occurrence shows the passage reference, the original language term as it appears in that context, its transliteration, and the contextual sense.

New Testament Witnesses
2 Timothy 4:16-18 Stood By parístēmi Indicative · Aorist Active
to stand beside, to be present with
Romans 12:1-2 παραστῆσαι parístēmi Infinitive · Aorist Active
To present, offer at one’s disposal.
Additional Occurrences
Luke 2:21–24 παραστῆσαι parístēmi
To present, stand before
Word Pictures (Robertson)

A.T. Robertson's Word Pictures in the New Testament (1930–31) discusses this term in the following chapters. Open any chapter and go to the Word Pictures tab to read his verse-by-verse commentary.

Romans 12 — Living Sacrifices, Renewed Minds, Humble Service, and Love Without Hypocrisy Romans 16 — Gospel Partnership, Holy Greeting, False-Teacher Warning, and Doxology to the God Who Establishes Romans 6 — Dead to Sin and Alive to God in Christ Jesus

A.T. Robertson, Word Pictures in the New Testament (1930–31) — public domain

Sources

MorphGNT Strong's Dictionary XML — CC0 1.0 Public Domain

Open Scriptures Hebrew Bible (morphhb/OSHB) — CC BY 4.0

Open Scriptures Hebrew Lexicon — CC BY 4.0

STEPBible Data — CC BY 4.0

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