Greek · G4043 · unreviewed

περιπατέω

To walk

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περιπατέω G4043
Pronunciation peripatéō

What does περιπατέω (peripatéō) mean in the Bible?

περιπατέω (peripatéō) is a Greek word meaning "to walk". περι-πατέω, -ῶ [in LXX chiefly for הָלַךְ pi. Describes sustained lifestyle direction rather than isolated acts. This term runs through the canonical themes of Faith, Messiah.

Full entry for περιπατέω (G4043) · Browse the biblical lexicon

Meaning

to walk
Extended definition

Literal walking becomes metaphorical conduct of life; how one lives reflects spiritual character.

to walk: absol., Mat.9:5, Mrk.5:42, Luk.5:23, Jhn.1:36; with pred., γυμνός, Rev.16:15; ἐπάνω Luk.11:44; διά, with genitive, Rev.21:24; ἐν, Mrk.11:27 12:38, Jhn.7:1 11:54, Rev.2:1, al.; ἐν τ. σκοτίᾳ, figuratively, Jhn.8:12 12:35, 1Jn.1:6-7 Jn 2:11; ἐπί, with genitive, Mat.14:26; id. with dative, Mat.14:25, 29; μετά, Jhn.6:66, Rev.3:4; παρά, with accusative, Mat.4:18. Metaphorical, of living, passing one's life, conducting oneself (like ἀναστρέφομαι in Xen., Plut., LXX, π.; M, Pro.11:1-31; Deiss., BS, 194) : ἀκριβῶς, Eph.5:15; ἀτάκτως, 2Th.3:6 3:11; εὐσχημόνως, Rev.13:13, 1Th.4:12; ἀξίως, with genitive, Eph.4:1, Col.1:10, 1Th.2:12; καθώς (ὥς), Eph.4:17 5:8, 15, Php.3:17, 1Th.4:1; οὕτως ὥς, 1Co.7:17; before nom. qual., Php.3:18; with dative, Act.21:21, Rom.13:13, 2Co.12:18, Gal.5:16; before ἐν, Rom.6:4, 2Co.4:2 5:7 10:3, Eph.2:2, 10 4:17 5:2, Col.3:7 4:5, Heb.13:9, 2Jn.4 Jn 6, al.; ἐν Χριστῷ, Col.2:6; κατά, with accusative, Mrk.7:5, Rom.8:4 14:15, 1Co.3:3, 2Co.10:2, 2Jn.6 (cf. ἐν-περιπατέω).

Source: STEPBible TBESG + Abbott-Smith
Why This Word Matters
Describes sustained lifestyle direction rather than isolated acts. 1 John 1:5-10
John addresses habitual direction of life, not momentary lapses. The Christian life is marked by a trajectory in the light. 1 John 2:3-6
John emphasizes lifestyle consistency. True faith produces observable patterns aligned with Christ’s character.
Grammatical Forms

How mood, tense, and voice shift the force of this verb in context.

Tenses
Present Imperfect Aorist Future
Voices
Active
Infinitive verbal noun — the action in abstract 12×
Present Active Mark 12:38 · Luke 20:46 · John 7:1 · Acts 3:12 · Acts 21:21 · Eph 4:17 · 1 Thess 2:12 · 1 Thess 4:1 · 1 John 2:6 · Rev 9:20 10×
Aorist Active Eph 4:1 · Col 1:10
Imperative command or strong request 14×
Present Active Matt 9:5 · Mark 2:9 · Luke 5:23 · John 5:8 · John 5:11 · John 5:12 · Acts 3:6 · John 12:35 · Gal 5:16 · Eph 5:2 · Eph 5:8 · Col 2:6 · Col 4:5 · 1 Cor 7:17 14×
Indicative states a fact or reality 30×
Present Active Matt 11:5 · Mark 7:5 · Luke 7:22 · Phil 3:18 · 1 Cor 3:3 · Eph 5:15 · 1 Thess 4:1 · Eph 4:17 · 1 Pet 5:8 · 1 John 2:11 · Rom 14:15 · 3 John 1:3 · 2 Cor 5:7 13×
Imperfect Active Mark 5:42 · John 5:9 · John 7:1 · John 10:23 · John 11:54 · Acts 3:8 · Acts 14:10 · John 6:66 · John 21:18
Aorist Active Matt 14:29 · Acts 14:8 · 1 John 2:6 · Eph 2:2 · Col 3:7 · 2 Cor 12:18
Future Active Rev 3:4 · Rev 21:24
Participle verbal adjective — the action as a modifying quality 27×
Present Active Matt 4:18 · Matt 14:25 · Mark 6:48 · John 12:35 · Acts 3:8 · Rev 2:1 · Matt 15:31 · Mark 8:24 · 2 Cor 10:2 · Phil 3:17 · 2 Thess 3:11 · 2 John 1:4 · Luke 11:44 · Luke 24:17 · 2 Cor 4:2 · 2 Cor 10:3 27×
Subjunctive possibility, probability, or purpose 12×
Present Active John 11:9 · John 11:10 · Rev 16:15 · 1 John 1:6 · 1 John 1:7 · 2 John 1:6 · 1 Thess 4:12
Aorist Active Rom 6:4 · Rom 13:13 · Eph 2:10 · John 8:12
Discourse Aspect

How this verb appears across 94 occurrences in the NT discourse index (MACULA Greek SBLGNT).

Aspect
completed 6 ongoing 13 prospective 2 imperative 14 background 9 subjunctive 12 infinitive 11 participle 27
Tense
present 71 aorist 12 imperfect 9 future 2
Voice
active 94
Mood
indicative 30 participle 27 imperative 14 subjunctive 12 infinitive 11
NT Occurrences
Matthew 4:18 Περιπατῶν present active participle participle Matthew 9:5 περιπάτει present active imperative imperative Matthew 11:5 περιπατοῦσιν present active indicative ongoing Matthew 14:25 περιπατῶν present active participle participle Matthew 14:26 περιπατοῦντα present active participle participle Matthew 14:29 περιεπάτησεν aorist active indicative completed Matthew 15:31 περιπατοῦντας present active participle participle Mark 2:9 περιπάτει present active imperative imperative Mark 5:42 περιεπάτει imperfect active indicative background Mark 6:48 περιπατῶν present active participle participle Mark 6:49 περιπατοῦντα present active participle participle Mark 7:5 περιπατοῦσιν present active indicative ongoing Mark 8:24 περιπατοῦντας present active participle participle Mark 11:27 περιπατοῦντος present active participle participle Mark 12:38 περιπατεῖν present active infinitive infinitive Mark 16:12 περιπατοῦσιν present active participle participle Luke 5:23 περιπάτει present active imperative imperative Luke 7:22 περιπατοῦσιν present active indicative ongoing Luke 11:44 περιπατοῦντες present active participle participle Luke 20:46 περιπατεῖν present active infinitive infinitive Luke 24:17 περιπατοῦντες present active participle participle John 1:36 περιπατοῦντι present active participle participle John 5:11 περιπάτει present active imperative imperative John 5:12 περιπάτει present active imperative imperative John 5:8 περιπάτει present active imperative imperative John 5:9 περιεπάτει imperfect active indicative background John 6:19 περιπατοῦντα present active participle participle John 6:66 περιεπάτουν imperfect active indicative background John 7:1 περιεπάτει imperfect active indicative background John 7:1 περιπατεῖν present active infinitive infinitive John 8:12 περιπατήσῃ aorist active subjunctive subjunctive John 10:23 περιεπάτει imperfect active indicative background John 11:10 περιπατῇ present active subjunctive subjunctive John 11:54 περιεπάτει imperfect active indicative background John 11:9 περιπατῇ present active subjunctive subjunctive John 12:35 περιπατεῖτε present active imperative imperative John 12:35 περιπατῶν present active participle participle John 21:18 περιεπάτεις imperfect active indicative background Acts 3:12 περιπατεῖν present active infinitive infinitive Acts 3:6 περιπάτει present active imperative imperative +54 more occurrences

Aspect reflects grammatical form — not authorial emphasis. Participles and infinitives are verbal adjectives and nouns respectively.

Clause data: MACULA Greek (Clear Bible, CC BY 4.0) · SBLGNT (Logos/SBL, CC BY 4.0)

Canonical Themes
Faith Messiah
Biblical Occurrences
Appears In

Compound and idiomatic lexemes in which this word is a constituent. Follow a link to study the phrase and its other participating words.

Word Pictures (Robertson)
Sources