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Greek · G1921 · unreviewed

ἐπιγινώσκω

To come to know

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ἐπιγινώσκω G1921
Pronunciation epiginṓskō

What does ἐπιγινώσκω (epiginṓskō) mean in the Bible?

ἐπιγινώσκω (epiginṓskō) is a Greek word meaning "to come to know". ἐπι-γινώσκω [in LXX chiefly for נָכַר: hi.

Full entry for ἐπιγινώσκω (G1921) · Browse the biblical lexicon

Meaning

to come to know
Extended definition

Intensive knowledge involving personal recognition or discovery of what was previously unknown or obscure.

"directive" of γινώσκω (AR, Eph., 249), as in cl.;

1to observe, perceive, discern, recognize;
aabsol.: Act.25:10, 1Co.13:12; before ὅτι, Luk.1:22; τ. πνεύματι, before ὅτι, Mrk.2:8;
bwith accusative of thing(s): Luk.1:4 5:22, Act.12:14 27:39, Rom.1:32, 2Co.1:13, Col.1:6, 1Ti.4:3; ἐν ἐαυτῷ, Mrk.5:30; before ὅτι, 1Co.14:37; __(with) with accusative of person(s): Mat.11:27 14:36 17:12, Mrk.6:33 (T, αὐτούς, but LTr., WH, R, omit the prop., and LTr., WH, txt., read ἔγνωσαν), Mrk.6:54 Luk.24:16, 31, 1Co.16:18, 2Co.1:14; before ἀπό, with genitive of thing(s), Mat.7:16, 20; before ὅτι, Act.3:10 4:13, 2Co.13:5; pass., 1Co.13:12; opposite to ἀγνοούμενοι, 2Co.6:9.
2to discover, ascertain, determine: Act.9:30; before ὅτι, Luk.7:37 23:7, Act.19:34 22:29 24:11 28:1; with accusative of thing(s), before quæst., Act.23:28; δι᾽ ἣν αἰτίαν, Act.22:24; παρά, with genitive of person(s), before περ, with genitive of thing(s), Act.24:8; τ. ὁδὸν τῆς δικαιοσύνης, 2Pe.2:21 (cf. Lft., Col., 136; Cremer, 159; M, Pr., 113; AR, Eph., 248 ff.).
Source: STEPBible TBESG + Abbott-Smith
Grammatical Forms

How mood, tense, and voice shift the force of this verb in context.

Tenses
Aorist Future Imperfect Present Perfect
Voices
Active Middle Passive
Participle verbal adjective — the action as a modifying quality 15×
Aorist Active Matt 14:35 · Mark 6:54 · Acts 9:30 · Acts 19:34 · Rom 1:32 · Mark 2:8 · Mark 5:30 · Luke 5:22 · Luke 23:7 · Acts 22:29 · Luke 7:37 · Acts 12:14 · 2 Pet 2:21 13×
Present Passive 2 Cor 6:9 1×
Perfect Active 1 Tim 4:3 1×
Indicative states a fact or reality 20×
Aorist Active Matt 17:12 · Mark 6:33 · Luke 1:22 · Luke 24:31 · 2 Cor 1:14 · Col 1:6 · Acts 28:1 7×
Present Active Matt 11:27 · 2 Cor 1:13 · 2 Cor 13:5 · Acts 25:10 5×
Future Middle Matt 7:16 · Matt 7:20 · 2 Cor 1:13 · 1 Cor 13:12 4×
Imperfect Active Acts 3:10 · Acts 4:13 · Acts 27:39 3×
Aorist Passive 1 Cor 13:12 1×
Infinitive verbal noun — the action in abstract 5×
Aorist Active Luke 24:16 · Acts 23:28 · Acts 24:8 · Acts 24:11 4×
Perfect Active 2 Pet 2:21 1×
Subjunctive possibility, probability, or purpose 2×
Aorist Active Luke 1:4 · Acts 22:24 2×
Imperative command or strong request 2×
Present Active 1 Cor 14:37 · 1 Cor 16:18 2×
44 total occurrences across all forms in the biblical text Morphology: MorphGNT SBLGNT — CC BY-SA 3.0
Discourse Aspect

How this verb appears across 44 occurrences in the NT discourse index (MACULA Greek SBLGNT).

Aspect
completed 8 ongoing 5 prospective 4 imperative 2 background 3 subjunctive 2 infinitive 5 participle 15
Tense
aorist 27 present 8 future 4 imperfect 3 perfect 2
Voice
active 38 middle 4 passive 2
Mood
indicative 20 participle 15 infinitive 5 imperative 2 subjunctive 2
NT Occurrences
Matthew 7:16 ἐπιγνώσεσθε future middle indicative prospective Matthew 7:20 ἐπιγνώσεσθε future middle indicative prospective Matthew 11:27 ἐπιγινώσκει present active indicative ongoing Matthew 11:27 ἐπιγινώσκει present active indicative ongoing Matthew 14:35 ἐπιγνόντες aorist active participle participle Matthew 17:12 ἐπέγνωσαν aorist active indicative completed Mark 2:8 ἐπιγνοὺς aorist active participle participle Mark 5:30 ἐπιγνοὺς aorist active participle participle Mark 6:33 ἐπέγνωσαν aorist active indicative completed Mark 6:54 ἐπιγνόντες aorist active participle participle Luke 1:22 ἐπέγνωσαν aorist active indicative completed Luke 1:4 ἐπιγνῷς aorist active subjunctive subjunctive Luke 5:22 ἐπιγνοὺς aorist active participle participle Luke 7:37 ἐπιγνοῦσα aorist active participle participle Luke 23:7 ἐπιγνοὺς aorist active participle participle Luke 24:16 ἐπιγνῶναι aorist active infinitive infinitive Luke 24:31 ἐπέγνωσαν aorist active indicative completed Acts 3:10 ἐπεγίνωσκον imperfect active indicative background Acts 4:13 ἐπεγίνωσκόν imperfect active indicative background Acts 9:30 ἐπιγνόντες aorist active participle participle Acts 12:14 ἐπιγνοῦσα aorist active participle participle Acts 19:34 ἐπιγνόντες aorist active participle participle Acts 22:24 ἐπιγνῷ aorist active subjunctive subjunctive Acts 22:29 ἐπιγνοὺς aorist active participle participle Acts 23:28 ἐπιγνῶναι aorist active infinitive infinitive Acts 24:11 ἐπιγνῶναι aorist active infinitive infinitive Acts 24:8 ἐπιγνῶναι aorist active infinitive infinitive Acts 25:10 ἐπιγινώσκεις present active indicative ongoing Acts 27:39 ἐπεγίνωσκον imperfect active indicative background Acts 28:1 ἐπέγνωμεν aorist active indicative completed Romans 1:32 ἐπιγνόντες aorist active participle participle 1 Corinthians 13:12 ἐπιγνώσομαι future middle indicative prospective 1 Corinthians 13:12 ἐπεγνώσθην aorist passive indicative completed 1 Corinthians 14:37 ἐπιγινωσκέτω present active imperative imperative 1 Corinthians 16:18 ἐπιγινώσκετε present active imperative imperative 2 Corinthians 1:13 ἐπιγινώσκετε present active indicative ongoing 2 Corinthians 1:13 ἐπιγνώσεσθε future middle indicative prospective 2 Corinthians 1:14 ἐπέγνωτε aorist active indicative completed 2 Corinthians 6:9 ἐπιγινωσκόμενοι present passive participle participle 2 Corinthians 13:5 ἐπιγινώσκετε present active indicative ongoing +4 more occurrences

Aspect reflects grammatical form — not authorial emphasis. Participles and infinitives are verbal adjectives and nouns respectively.

Clause data: MACULA Greek (Clear Bible, CC BY 4.0) · SBLGNT (Logos/SBL, CC BY 4.0)

Biblical Occurrences

Each occurrence shows the passage reference, the original language term as it appears in that context, its transliteration, and the contextual sense.

Witnesses
Mark 6:53–56 ἐπιγινώσκω epiginṓskō
to recognize fully
Appears In

Compound and idiomatic lexemes in which this word is a constituent. Follow a link to study the phrase and its other participating words.

εὐθύς · ἐπιγινώσκω G2117, G1921
immediately perceiving or knowing fully
Word Pictures (Robertson)

A.T. Robertson's Word Pictures in the New Testament (1930–31) discusses this term in the following chapters. Open any chapter and go to the Word Pictures tab to read his verse-by-verse commentary.

Luke 24 — The Risen Christ Opens the Scriptures, Commissions Witnesses, and Ascends in Blessing Mark 2 — The Son of Man Has Authority: Forgiveness, Fellowship, and Lordship Matthew 11 — The Messiah Question, the Rejected Generation, and Rest for the Weary Matthew 14 — The Death of John, the Compassion of Jesus, and the Son of God over Bread, Sea, and Fear Matthew 17 — The Glory of the Son, the Coming of Elijah, the Failure of Little Faith, and the Son’s Humble Freedom Matthew 7 — Kingdom Discernment, the Narrow Way, and the Wise Builder

A.T. Robertson, Word Pictures in the New Testament (1930–31) — public domain

Sources

MorphGNT Strong's Dictionary XML — CC0 1.0 Public Domain

Open Scriptures Hebrew Bible (morphhb/OSHB) — CC BY 4.0

Open Scriptures Hebrew Lexicon — CC BY 4.0

STEPBible Data — CC BY 4.0

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