Focused Passage

Joshua 8:10-17

Ai Defeated and the Covenant Renewed at Mount Ebal

After sin is judged, the LORD restores Israel to mission, gives Ai into Joshua’s hand, and leads the nation from military victory to covenant renewal under the written Law.

Berean Standard Bible, Public Domain - Translation notes - Reference sources

10Joshua got up early the next morning and mobilized his men, and he and the elders of Israel marched before them up to Ai.

11Then all the troops who were with him marched up and approached the city. They arrived in front of Ai and camped to the north of it, with the valley between them and the city.

12Now Joshua had taken about five thousand men and set up an ambush between Bethel and Ai, to the west of the city.

13So the forces were stationed with the main camp to the north of the city and the rear guard to the west of the city. And that night Joshua went into the valley.

14When the king of Ai saw the Israelites, he hurried out early in the morning with the men of the city to engage them in battle at an appointed place overlooking the Arabah. But he did not know that an ambush had been set up against him behind the city.

15Joshua and all Israel let themselves be beaten back before them, and they fled toward the wilderness.

16Then all the men of Ai were summoned to pursue them, and they followed Joshua and were drawn away from the city.

17Not a man was left in Ai or Bethel who did not go out after Israel, leaving the city wide open while they pursued Israel.

Study Helps

References and Original Words

Verse 10

Original words

Joshuaיְהוֹשֻׁ֙עַ֙H3091Noun - proper - masculine singulargot up earlyוַיַּשְׁכֵּ֤םH7925Conjunctive waw | Verb - Hifil - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singularthe next morningבַּבֹּ֔קֶרH1242Preposition-b, Article | Noun - masculine singularand mobilizedוַיִּפְקֹ֖דH6485Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular-אֶת־H853Direct object marker[his men]הָעָ֑םH5971Article | Noun - masculine singularand heה֜וּאH1931Pronoun - third person masculine singularand the eldersוְזִקְנֵ֧יH2205Conjunctive waw | Adjective - masculine plural constructof Israelיִשְׂרָאֵ֛לH3478Noun - proper - masculine singularmarchedוַיַּ֨עַלH5927Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singularbeforeלִפְנֵ֥יH6440Preposition-l | Noun - common plural construct[them]הָעָ֖םH5971Article | Noun - masculine singularup to Aiהָעָֽי׃H5857Article | Noun - proper - feminine singular
Verse 11

Original words

Then allוְכָל־H3605Conjunctive waw | Noun - masculine singular constructthe troopsהָעָ֨םH5971Article | Noun - masculine singular. . .הַמִּלְחָמָ֜הH4421Article | Noun - feminine singularwho [were]אֲשֶׁ֣רH834Pronoun - relativewith himאִתּ֗וֹH854Preposition | third person masculine singularmarched upעָלוּ֙H5927Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person common pluraland approachedוַֽיִּגְּשׁ֔וּH5066Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine pluralthe cityהָעִ֑ירH5892Article | Noun - feminine singularThey arrivedוַיָּבֹ֖אוּH935Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine pluralin front [of Ai]נֶ֣גֶדH5048Prepositionand campedוַֽיַּחֲנוּ֙H2583Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine pluralto the northמִצְּפ֣וֹןH6828Preposition-m | Noun - feminine singular constructof itלָעַ֔יH5857Preposition-l | Noun - proper - feminine singularwith the valleyוְהַגַּ֖יH1516Conjunctive waw, Article | Noun - common singularbetween themבֵּינוֹH996Preposition | third person masculine singular. . .וּבֵין־H996Conjunctive waw | Prepositionand the cityהָעָֽי׃H5857Article | Noun - proper - feminine singular
Verse 12

Original words

Now Joshua had takenוַיִּקַּ֕חH3947Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singularabout fiveכַּחֲמֵ֥שֶׁתH2568Preposition-k, Article | Number - masculine singular constructthousandאֲלָפִ֖יםH505Number - masculine pluralmenאִ֑ישׁH376Noun - masculine singularand set upוַיָּ֨שֶׂםH7760Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular-אוֹתָ֜םH853Direct object marker | third person masculine pluralan ambushאֹרֵ֗בH693Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine singularbetweenבֵּ֧יןH996Prepositionvvvבֵּֽית־H1008PrepositionBethelאֵ֛לH1008Noun - proper - feminine singularandוּבֵ֥יןH996Conjunctive waw | PrepositionAiהָעַ֖יH5857Article | Noun - proper - feminine singularto the westמִיָּ֥םH3220Preposition-m | Noun - masculine singularof the cityלָעִֽיר׃H5892Preposition-l, Article | Noun - feminine singular
Verse 13

Original words

So the forcesהָעָ֜םH5971Article | Noun - masculine singular-אֶת־H853Direct object markerwere stationedוַיָּשִׂ֨ימוּH7760Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine pluralwith the mainכָּל־H3605Noun - masculine singular constructcampהַֽמַּחֲנֶ֗הH4264Article | Noun - common singular-אֲשֶׁר֙H834Pronoun - relativeto the northמִצְּפ֣וֹןH6828Preposition-m | Noun - feminine singular constructof the cityלָעִ֔ירH5892Preposition-l, Article | Noun - feminine singular-וְאֶת־H853Conjunctive waw | Direct object markerand the rear guardעֲקֵב֖וֹH6119Noun - masculine singular construct | third person masculine singularto the westמִיָּ֣םH3220Preposition-m | Noun - masculine singularof the cityלָעִ֑ירH5892Preposition-l, Article | Noun - feminine singularAnd thatהַה֖וּאH1931Article | Pronoun - third person masculine singularnightבַּלַּ֥יְלָהH3915Preposition-b, Article | Noun - masculine singularJoshuaיְהוֹשֻׁ֛עַH3091Noun - proper - masculine singularwentוַיֵּ֧לֶךְH1980Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singularintoבְּת֥וֹךְH8432Preposition-b | Noun - masculine singular constructthe valleyהָעֵֽמֶק׃H6010Article | Noun - masculine singular
Verse 14

Original words

-וַיְהִ֞יH1961Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singularWhen the kingמֶֽלֶךְ־H4428Noun - masculine singular constructof Aiהָעַ֗יH5857Article | Noun - proper - feminine singularsaw [the Israelites]כִּרְא֣וֹתH7200Preposition-k | Verb - Qal - Infinitive constructhe hurriedוַֽיְמַהֲר֡וּH4116Conjunctive waw | Verb - Piel - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine pluraloutוַיֵּצְא֣וּH3318Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine pluralearly in the morningוַיַּשְׁכִּ֡ימוּH7925Conjunctive waw | Verb - Hifil - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine pluralwith the menאַנְשֵֽׁי־H582Noun - masculine plural constructof the cityהָעִ֣ירH5892Article | Noun - feminine singular-ה֧וּאH1931Pronoun - third person masculine singular-וְכָל־H3605Conjunctive waw | Noun - masculine singular construct-עַמּ֛וֹH5971Noun - masculine singular construct | third person masculine singularto engageלִקְרַֽאת־H7122Preposition-l | Verb - Qal - Infinitive construct[them]יִ֠שְׂרָאֵלH3478Noun - proper - masculine singularin battleלַֽמִּלְחָמָ֞הH4421Preposition-l, Article | Noun - feminine singularat an appointed placeלַמּוֹעֵ֖דH4150Preposition-l, Article | Noun - masculine singularoverlookingלִפְנֵ֣יH6440Preposition-l | Noun - common plural constructthe Arabahהָֽעֲרָבָ֑הH6160Article | Noun - feminine singularBut heוְהוּא֙H1931Conjunctive waw | Pronoun - third person masculine singulardid notלֹ֣אH3808Adverb - Negative particleknowיָדַ֔עH3045Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person masculine singularthatכִּֽי־H3588Conjunctionan ambushאֹרֵ֥בH693Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine singular[had been set up] against himל֖וֹPreposition | third person masculine singularbehindמֵאַחֲרֵ֥יH310Preposition-mthe cityהָעִֽיר׃H5892Article | Noun - feminine singular
Verse 15

Original words

Joshuaיְהוֹשֻׁ֥עַH3091Noun - proper - masculine singularand allוְכָל־H3605Conjunctive waw | Noun - masculine singular constructIsraelיִשְׂרָאֵ֖לH3478Noun - proper - masculine singularlet themselves be beaten backוַיִּנָּֽגְע֛וּH5060Conjunctive waw | Verb - Nifal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine pluralbefore themלִפְנֵיהֶ֑םH6440Preposition-l | Noun - masculine plural construct | third person masculine pluraland they fledוַיָּנֻ֖סוּH5127Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine pluraltowardדֶּ֥רֶךְH1870Noun - common singular constructthe wildernessהַמִּדְבָּֽר׃H4057Article | Noun - masculine singular
Verse 16

Original words

Then allכָּל־H3605Noun - masculine singular constructthe menהָעָם֙H5971Article | Noun - masculine singular[of Ai]בָּעִירH5892Preposition-b, Article | Noun - proper - feminine singular-אֲשֶׁ֣רH834Pronoun - relativewere summonedוַיִּזָּעֲק֗וּH2199Conjunctive waw | Verb - Nifal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine pluralto pursue themלִרְדֹּ֖ףH7291Preposition-l | Verb - Qal - Infinitive construct. . .אַחֲרֵיהֶ֑םH310Preposition | third person masculine pluraland they followedוַֽיִּרְדְּפוּ֙H7291Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine plural. . .אַחֲרֵ֣יH310PrepositionJoshuaיְהוֹשֻׁ֔עַH3091Noun - proper - masculine singularand were drawn awayוַיִּנָּתְק֖וּH5423Conjunctive waw | Verb - Nifal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine pluralfromמִן־H4480Prepositionthe cityהָעִֽיר׃H5892Article | Noun - feminine singular
Verse 17

Original words

Notוְלֹֽא־H3808Conjunctive waw | Adverb - Negative particlea manאִ֗ישׁH376Noun - masculine singularwas leftנִשְׁאַ֣רH7604Verb - Nifal - Perfect - third person masculine singularin Aiבָּעַי֙H5857Preposition-b, Article | Noun - proper - feminine singularvvvוּבֵ֣יתH1008or Bethelאֵ֔לH1008Conjunctive waw | Noun - proper - feminine singularwhoאֲשֶׁ֥רH834Pronoun - relativedid notלֹֽא־H3808Adverb - Negative particlego outיָצְא֖וּH3318Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person common pluralafterאַחֲרֵ֣יH310PrepositionIsraelיִשְׂרָאֵ֑לH3478Noun - proper - masculine singularleavingוַיַּעַזְב֤וּH5800Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine plural-אֶת־H853Direct object markerthe cityהָעִיר֙H5892Article | Noun - feminine singularwide openפְּתוּחָ֔הH6605Verb - Qal - QalPassParticiple - feminine singularwhile they pursuedוַֽיִּרְדְּפ֖וּH7291Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine plural. . .אַחֲרֵ֥יH310PrepositionIsraelיִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃פH3478Noun - proper - masculine singular

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