To surrender, i.e yield up, intrust, transmit
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Paradidomi means to hand over, deliver, entrust, pass along, or betray. The recipient, purpose, and moral setting determine whether the action is faithful, judicial, hostile, or saving within God’s purpose.
Reader summary
Full entry for παραδίδωμι (G3860) · Open the biblical lexicon
Paradidomi means to hand over, deliver, entrust, pass along, or betray. The recipient, purpose, and moral setting determine whether the action is faithful, judicial, hostile, or saving within God’s purpose.
The BSB source-word alignment has 119 aligned rows for this entry. Common renderings include will betray (7), betrayer (5), betray (4), is betrayed (4), to betray (4).
The source-word alignment first shows this entry at Matthew 4:12. Its strongest book concentrations include Matthew (31), Mark (20), Luke (17), John (15).
This entry includes 1 verse guide that explain exact original-language forms in context.
Paradidomi means to hand over, deliver, entrust, pass along, or betray. The recipient, purpose, and moral setting determine whether the action is faithful, judicial, hostile, or saving within God’s purpose. Paul uses the verb for passing on received teaching, while the Gospel narratives use it for the Son of Man being handed over to authorities and sinners. Judas and human rulers remain responsible for betrayal and condemnation.
At the same time, Romans says God gave up His own Son for us all and that Christ was delivered for our trespasses. Scripture therefore uses one verb across real human treachery, legal transfer, faithful transmission, and the Father’s saving gift. The word does not erase moral distinctions or make evil actors innocent. It helps readers see how God’s determined redemptive purpose works through, without approving, accountable human acts.
Paradidomi describes handing someone or something over. In the passion texts, human betrayal and judicial transfer meet God’s saving purpose; elsewhere the verb can describe faithfully passing on received teaching.
He who did not spare His own Son but gave Him up for us all, how will He not also, along with Him, freely give us all things?
Paul says the Father did not spare His own Son but gave Him up for us all. The statement grounds confidence in God’s generosity while keeping the gift of the Son at the center.
Then He returned to the disciples and said, “Are you still sleeping and resting? Look, the hour is near, and the Son of Man is betrayed into the hands of sinners.
In Gethsemane, Jesus announces that the Son of Man is being betrayed into sinners’ hands. The wording joins His conscious submission to the approaching hour with the guilt of those receiving Him.
He was delivered over to death for our trespasses and was raised to life for our justification.
Paul summarizes Jesus as delivered for our trespasses and raised for our justification. The two clauses hold cross and resurrection together within the saving argument.
For I received from the Lord what I also passed on to you: The Lord Jesus, on the night He was betrayed, took bread,
Paul uses the verb both for passing on what he received and for the night Jesus was betrayed. Faithful transmission of the Supper preserves the memory and meaning of the Lord’s self-giving death.
“Look, we are going up to Jerusalem, and the Son of Man will be delivered over to the chief priests and scribes. They will condemn Him to death and will deliver Him over to the Gentiles,
Jesus predicts successive handovers to Jewish leaders and then Gentiles. The repeated verb traces the legal and political chain of responsibility while showing that He knowingly goes toward Jerusalem.
Indeed, the Son of Man will go as it has been determined, but woe to that man who betrays Him.”
Jesus says the Son of Man goes as determined, yet pronounces woe on the betrayer. Divine determination and human accountability stand together rather than cancelling one another.
BSB source-word alignment connects this entry to exact verse rows, English rendering, source form, transliteration, and parsing.
How English Renders ItA compact distribution from source-word alignment before the full evidence tables.
Verse-level guides showing how this original-language form works in its specific context, including grammar, verse function, and guarded interpretation.
Greek word. To hand over to another's custody or control, often with betrayal or judicial surrender connotations.
Textus Receptus witness, full corpus Greek token appearances from Scrivener 1894 Textus Receptus in the full New Testament corpus.
16 of 121 Greek text appearances shown. Linked morphology labels have verse guides.
I hand over, deliver, betray
Read verseI hand over, deliver, betray
Read verseI hand over, deliver, betray
Read verseI hand over, deliver, betray
Read verseI hand over, deliver, betray
Read verseI hand over, deliver, betray
Read verseI hand over, deliver, betray
Read verseI hand over, deliver, betray
Read verseI hand over, deliver, betray
Read verseI hand over, deliver, betray
Read verseI hand over, deliver, betray
Read verseI hand over, deliver, betray
Read verseI hand over, deliver, betray
Read verseI hand over, deliver, betray
Read verseI hand over, deliver, betray
Read verseI hand over, deliver, betray
Read verseFull New Testament corpus: 260 chapters, 7,957 verses, 140,628 tokens. Data source: honza/textus-receptus (data only), with authority check against byztxt/greektext-textus-receptus.
How mood, tense, and voice shift the force of this verb in context.
This verb appears through different tense, voice, mood, or stem patterns. Those forms help readers see how the action is presented in context.
How this verb appears across 117 occurrences in the NT discourse index (MACULA Greek SBLGNT).
Aspect reflects grammatical form — not authorial emphasis. Participles and infinitives are verbal adjectives and nouns respectively.
Clause data: MACULA Greek (Clear Bible, CC BY 4.0) · SBLGNT (Logos/SBL, CC BY 4.0)
Selected passage-level study witnesses for this word. This section is not the full occurrence list.
Showing 8 selected witnesses from 119 lexical occurrence verses.
παραδίδωμι is built from these roots:
The repeated phrase underscores divine judgment expressed through abandonment. 1 Peter 2:18-25
Reveals betrayal within divine sovereignty. Acts 1:12-26
Connects betrayal to divine redemptive handing over. Acts 15:36-41
Indicates unfolding betrayal within divine purpose. Luke 18:31–34
Highlights divine sovereignty in the passion.
Identifies the act that fulfills prophetic betrayal.
Indicates judicial transfer to crucifixion.
Indicates judicial betrayal within God’s sovereign plan.
Voluntary yielding of His life.
The language used for Judas links his act with the larger pattern of Jesus being handed over according to God’s plan, highlighting both the horror of betrayal and the depth of God’s redeeming purpose.
Highlights dependence on the Lord’s grace in mission.
Shows Christ’s active trust in the Father’s righteous judgment rather than passive resignation.
Compound and idiomatic phrases that include this word. Follow a link to study the phrase and how its parts work together.
Paradidomi is morally flexible but contextually precise. Passing on apostolic teaching can be faithful; betraying Jesus is wicked; delivering a prisoner can be a legal action; the Father giving His Son is saving generosity. The passion narratives deliberately trace Jesus through a chain of handovers, yet He predicts that path and goes toward it knowingly. Luke 22 places divine determination beside woe to the betrayer, preserving both sovereignty and guilt.
Paul interprets the same event from the side of salvation: Christ is delivered for trespasses, raised for justification, and given up by the Father for us all. First Corinthians 11 then shows the church faithfully handing on the meal that remembers the night of betrayal. Teachers should neither flatten these uses into one moral category nor separate them into unrelated stories.
The cross is God’s purposed gift accomplished amid responsible human sin, and the gospel tradition must be entrusted faithfully.
Rom.8.32
Paradidomi combines para with didomi and can mean hand over, deliver, entrust, transmit, or betray. English translation varies because agency, recipient, and purpose supply the moral sense. The local Greek index records about 119 occurrences for exact G3860.
Old Testament narratives repeatedly speak of people being given into an enemy’s hand, often within covenant judgment. Isaiah 53 provides the servant framework for Christ’s suffering, while the binding of Isaac contributes to Paul’s language about the Father not sparing His own Son.
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