Greek · G3860, G4151 · unreviewed
παρέδωκεν τὸ πνεῦμα
To surrender, i.e yield up, intrust, transmit · spirit/breath: spirit
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Words in this compound — expand to study each participant
παραδίδωμι G3860 to surrender, i.e yield up, intrust, transmit
Pronunciation paradídōmi
To hand over to another's custody or control, often with betrayal or judicial surrender connotations.
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πνεῦμα G4151 spirit/breath: spirit
Pronunciation pneûma
Spirit as the immaterial dimension of human existence, or God's transformative power, distinct from soul and body.
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What does παρέδωκεν τὸ πνεῦμα (paredōken to pneuma) mean in the Bible?
παραδίδωμι · πνεῦμα is a Greek word meaning "gave up the spirit".
Full entry for παρέδωκεν τὸ πνεῦμα (G3860, G4151) · Browse the biblical lexicon
Meaning
gave up the spirit
Grammatical Forms
How mood, tense, and voice shift the force of this verb in context.
Tenses
Voices
Indicative states a fact or reality 74×
Aorist Active Matt 18:34 · Matt 25:14 · Matt 27:26 · Mark 3:19 · Mark 15:15 · Luke 23:25 · John 19:16 · John 19:30 · Acts 6:14 · Acts 7:42 · Rom 1:24 · Rom 1:26 · Rom 1:28 · Rom 8:32 · Eph 5:2 · Eph 5:25 33×
Future Active Matt 10:17 · Matt 20:19 · Matt 24:9 · Matt 24:10 · Mark 10:33 · Mark 13:9 · Acts 21:11 · Matt 10:21 · Matt 26:21 · Matt 26:23 · Mark 13:12 · Mark 14:18 · Luke 12:58 · John 13:21 · Matt 26:15 15×
Present Passive Matt 26:2 · Matt 26:24 · Matt 26:45 · Mark 9:31 · Mark 14:21 · Mark 14:41 · Luke 22:22 · 2 Cor 4:11 8×
Aorist Passive Matt 4:12 · Matt 11:27 · Luke 10:22 · Rom 4:25 · Acts 28:17 · Rom 6:17 6×
Future Passive Matt 20:18 · Mark 10:33 · Luke 18:32 · Luke 21:16 4×
Imperfect Active Acts 8:3 · 1 Pet 2:23 · Acts 16:4 · Acts 27:1 4×
Pluperfect Active Mark 15:10 1×
Perfect Passive Luke 4:6 1×
Present Active Luke 22:48 1×
Imperfect Passive 1 Cor 11:23 1×
Participle verbal adjective — the action as a modifying quality 25×
Present Active Matt 26:25 · Matt 26:46 · Matt 26:48 · Matt 27:3 · Mark 14:42 · Mark 14:44 · John 18:2 · John 18:5 · John 21:20 · Acts 22:4 · Mark 13:11 · Luke 21:12 · Luke 22:21 · John 13:11 14×
Aorist Active Matt 10:4 · Matt 27:4 · John 19:11 · Acts 12:4 · Gal 2:20 5×
Aorist Passive Acts 15:40 · 2 Pet 2:21 · Jude 1:3 3×
Future Active John 6:64 1×
Perfect Passive Acts 14:26 1×
Perfect Active Acts 15:26 1×
Subjunctive possibility, probability, or purpose 11×
Aorist Active Matt 5:25 · Matt 26:16 · Mark 4:29 · Mark 14:10 · Mark 14:11 · Luke 22:4 · John 13:2 · Matt 10:19 · 1 Cor 13:3 9×
Aorist Passive John 18:36 1×
Present Active 1 Cor 15:24 1×
Infinitive verbal noun — the action in abstract 9×
Aorist Active Luke 20:20 · Luke 22:6 · 1 Cor 5:5 3×
Present Passive Matt 17:22 · Luke 9:44 2×
Aorist Passive Mark 1:14 · Luke 24:7 2×
Present Active John 6:71 · John 12:4 2×
Discourse Aspect
How this verb appears across 117 occurrences in the NT discourse index (MACULA Greek SBLGNT).
Aspect
Tense
aorist 62 present 27 future 20 imperfect 5 perfect 2 pluperfect 1
Voice
active 89 passive 28
Mood
indicative 74 participle 23 subjunctive 11 infinitive 9
NT Occurrences
Matthew 4:12 παρεδόθη aorist passive indicative completed Matthew 5:25 παραδῷ aorist active subjunctive subjunctive Matthew 10:17 παραδώσουσιν future active indicative prospective Matthew 10:19 παραδῶσιν aorist active subjunctive subjunctive Matthew 10:21 παραδώσει future active indicative prospective Matthew 10:4 παραδοὺς aorist active participle participle Matthew 11:27 παρεδόθη aorist passive indicative completed Matthew 17:22 παραδίδοσθαι present passive infinitive infinitive Matthew 18:34 παρέδωκεν aorist active indicative completed Matthew 20:18 παραδοθήσεται future passive indicative prospective Matthew 20:19 παραδώσουσιν future active indicative prospective Matthew 24:10 παραδώσουσιν future active indicative prospective Matthew 24:9 παραδώσουσιν future active indicative prospective Matthew 25:14 παρέδωκεν aorist active indicative completed Matthew 25:20 παρέδωκας aorist active indicative completed Matthew 25:22 παρέδωκας aorist active indicative completed Matthew 26:15 παραδώσω future active indicative prospective Matthew 26:16 παραδῷ aorist active subjunctive subjunctive Matthew 26:2 παραδίδοται present passive indicative ongoing Matthew 26:21 παραδώσει future active indicative prospective Matthew 26:23 παραδώσει future active indicative prospective Matthew 26:24 παραδίδοται present passive indicative ongoing Matthew 26:25 παραδιδοὺς present active participle participle Matthew 26:45 παραδίδοται present passive indicative ongoing Matthew 26:46 παραδιδούς present active participle participle Matthew 26:48 παραδιδοὺς present active participle participle Matthew 27:18 παρέδωκαν aorist active indicative completed Matthew 27:2 παρέδωκαν aorist active indicative completed Matthew 27:26 παρέδωκεν aorist active indicative completed Matthew 27:3 παραδιδοὺς present active participle participle Matthew 27:4 παραδοὺς aorist active participle participle Mark 1:14 παραδοθῆναι aorist passive infinitive infinitive Mark 3:19 παρέδωκεν aorist active indicative completed Mark 4:29 παραδοῖ aorist active subjunctive subjunctive Mark 7:13 παρεδώκατε aorist active indicative completed Mark 9:31 παραδίδοται present passive indicative ongoing Mark 10:33 παραδοθήσεται future passive indicative prospective Mark 10:33 παραδώσουσιν future active indicative prospective Mark 13:11 παραδιδόντες present active participle participle Mark 13:12 παραδώσει future active indicative prospective
+77 more occurrences
Aspect reflects grammatical form — not authorial emphasis. Participles and infinitives are verbal adjectives and nouns respectively.
Clause data: MACULA Greek (Clear Bible, CC BY 4.0) · SBLGNT (Logos/SBL, CC BY 4.0)
Word Pictures (Robertson)
A.T. Robertson's Word Pictures in the New Testament (1930–31) discusses this term in the following chapters. Open any chapter and go to the Word Pictures tab to read his verse-by-verse commentary.
1 Corinthians 11 — Honor, Worship Order, and the Lord’s Supper Under the Lordship of Christ 1 Corinthians 2 — The Spirit Reveals What the Cross Conceals from the Natural Mind 1 Corinthians 5 — Purge the Evil, Keep the Feast, and Guard the Holiness of the Church Acts 1 — The Risen Christ Commissions His Waiting Witnesses Acts 11 — Jerusalem Recognizes God’s Grace to the Gentiles Acts 15 — The Gospel of Grace Clarified and the Gentiles Received Acts 16 — The Gospel Enters Macedonia: Opened Hearts, Broken Chains, and Household Faith Acts 17 — The Gospel Reasoned from Scripture and Proclaimed to the Nations Acts 19 — The Word of the Lord Grows Mightily in Ephesus Acts 2 — The Spirit Comes and Christ Is Proclaimed Acts 20 — Paul’s Farewell Charge to Shepherd the Church of God Acts 21 — Paul Goes to Jerusalem and Is Seized in the Temple Acts 23 — The Lord Stands Near Paul and Preserves His Witness Acts 28 — Paul in Rome: The Kingdom Proclaimed Without Hindrance Acts 4 — Christ Alone Saves and His Witnesses Speak Boldly Acts 5 — Holy Fear, Bold Witness, and Joyful Suffering Acts 6 — Word Ministry, Servant Leadership, and Stephen’s Faithful Witness Acts 8 — The Scattered Church Carries Christ Beyond Jerusalem Acts 9 — The Risen Christ Converts His Fiercest Persecutor Ephesians 5 — Walking in Love, Light, Wisdom, and Spirit-Filled Order Galatians 3 — Faith, Promise, and the Curse-Bearing Christ Galatians 4 — No Longer Slaves: Sonship, Pastoral Anguish, and Children of Promise Galatians 5 — Stand Firm in Freedom: Faith Working Through Love and Life by the Spirit Galatians 6 — Boasting Only in the Cross: Spirit-Shaped Community and New Creation John 1 — The Word Made Flesh, Witnessed, and Followed John 13 — The Servant-Lord, the Washed Disciples, and the New Command of Love John 14 — The Way, the Truth, and the Life, the Father Revealed in the Son, and the Promise of the Spirit John 15 — The True Vine, Abiding Fruitfulness, Christlike Love, and the World’s Hatred John 16 — The Spirit’s Convicting Witness, the Disciples’ Sorrow Turned to Joy, and Christ’s Victory over the World John 18 — The Arrested King: Betrayal, Sovereign Surrender, Denial, Trial, and the Kingdom Not of This World John 19 — The Crucified King: Behold the Man, Behold Your King, It Is Finished, and the Pierced Son John 20 — The Risen Lord: Empty Tomb, Eyewitness Faith, Peace, Mission, Spirit, Thomas, and the Purpose of the Gospel John 3 — New Birth, Lifted-Up Son, and the Love of God for the World John 4 — Living Water, True Worship, and the Savior of the World John 6 — The Bread of Life, the Words of Eternal Life, and the Crisis of True Discipleship John 7 — The Feast, the Divided Crowd, and the Living Water of Jesus Luke 1 — The Promised Savior Announced in the Fullness of Time Luke 10 — The Kingdom Mission Expanded, Mercy Defined, and the Better Portion Chosen Luke 11 — Prayer, Kingdom Conflict, True Hearing, and the Exposure of Hypocrisy Luke 12 — Fear God, Confess Christ, Seek the Kingdom, and Be Ready Luke 22 — The Passover Betrayal, the New Covenant Meal, and the Suffering Servant King Luke 23 — The Innocent King Condemned, Crucified with Transgressors, and Buried in Hope Luke 24 — The Risen Christ Opens the Scriptures, Commissions Witnesses, and Ascends in Blessing Luke 3 — The Way Prepared, the Son Revealed, and the Lineage Traced Luke 4 — The Spirit-Anointed Son Tested, Rejected, and Proclaiming the Kingdom Luke 8 — The Word Heard, the Kingdom Revealed, and the Lord’s Authority Displayed Luke 9 — The Christ Revealed, the Cross Announced, and the Jerusalem Road Begun Mark 1 — The Beginning of the Gospel: The Servant-King Appears with Authority Mark 10 — The Way of the Servant King: Marriage, Children, Wealth, Cross, Ransom, and Sight Mark 12 — The Rejected Son, the Greatest Commandment, the Lord of David, and the Widow’s Offering Mark 13 — Watch and Endure: Temple Judgment, Gospel Witness, Tribulation, the Son of Man, and Readiness Mark 14 — The Son of Man Handed Over: Anointing, Supper, Gethsemane, Betrayal, Trial, and Denial Mark 15 — The Crucified King: Condemnation, Mockery, Death, Confession, and Burial Mark 3 — The Servant-King Confronted: Sabbath Mercy, Demonic Accusation, and the Family of God Mark 5 — The Authority of Jesus over Demons, Disease, and Death Mark 6 — Rejected Prophet, Sending Lord, Wilderness Shepherd, and Divine Son on the Sea Mark 9 — Glory, Unbelief, Suffering, Humility, and Radical Discipleship Matthew 1 — The Genealogy and Birth of Jesus the Messiah Matthew 10 — The Mission of the Twelve, Costly Witness, and Allegiance to Christ Matthew 11 — The Messiah Question, the Rejected Generation, and Rest for the Weary Matthew 12 — The Lord of the Sabbath, the Servant of the Lord, and the Crisis of Unbelief Matthew 17 — The Glory of the Son, the Coming of Elijah, the Failure of Little Faith, and the Son’s Humble Freedom Matthew 20 — The First-Last Kingdom, the Ransom-Giving Son of Man, and Mercy for the Blind Matthew 22 — The Wedding Banquet, the King’s Invitation, and the Messiah Who Is David’s Lord Matthew 24 — The Olivet Discourse: Temple Desolation, Coming Judgment, the Son of Man, and Watchful Readiness Matthew 25 — Readiness, Stewardship, and the Final Judgment of the Son of Man Matthew 26 — The Betrayal, Passover, Gethsemane, Trial, and Denial of Jesus Matthew 27 — Jesus Condemned, Crucified, Dead, Buried, and Guarded Matthew 28 — The Resurrection of Jesus and the Great Commission of the Risen King Matthew 3 — The Forerunner, the Kingdom, and the Beloved Son Matthew 4 — The Tested Son, the Kingdom Proclaimed, and the First Disciples Called Matthew 5 — Kingdom Blessedness, Fulfilled Law, and Heart-Level Righteousness Matthew 8 — The Authority of Jesus over Uncleanness, Sickness, Discipleship, Storms, and Demons Philippians 2 — The Mind of Christ and the Humility of Gospel Witness Philippians 3 — Counting All Things Loss and Pressing On Toward Christ Romans 1 — The Gospel Reveals the Righteousness of God and the Wrath of God Romans 14 — Receiving One Another, Honoring the Lord, and Pursuing Peace in Matters of Conscience Romans 15 — Bearing with the Weak, Welcoming One Another, and Paul’s Priestly Mission to the Gentiles Romans 2 — God’s Righteous Judgment and the Exposure of Religious Presumption Romans 4 — Abraham Justified by Faith and the Promise Secured by Grace Romans 5 — Peace with God, Rejoicing in Grace, and Life Through the One Man Jesus Christ Romans 7 — Released from the Law, Exposed by the Law, and Crying Out for Deliverance Romans 8 — No Condemnation, Life in the Spirit, and the Unbreakable Love of God in Christ
A.T. Robertson, Word Pictures in the New Testament (1930–31) — public domain