Focused Passage

Joshua 11:16-20

The Northern Coalition Defeated and the Land Brought Under Joshua’s Control

The northern kings gather against Israel, the LORD commands Joshua not to fear, Israel defeats the coalition, Hazor is burned, and the chapter summarizes Joshua’s broad conquest and the land’s rest from war.

Berean Standard Bible, Public Domain - Translation notes - Reference sources

16So Joshua took this entire region: the hill country, all the Negev, all the land of Goshen, the western foothills, the Arabah, and the mountains of Israel and their foothills,

17from Mount Halak, which rises toward Seir, as far as Baal-gad in the Valley of Lebanon at the foot of Mount Hermon. He captured all their kings and struck them down, putting them to death.

18Joshua waged war against all these kings for a long period of time.

19No city made peace with the Israelites except the Hivites living in Gibeon; all others were taken in battle.

20For it was of the LORD to harden their hearts to engage Israel in battle, so that they would be set apart for destruction and would receive no mercy, being annihilated as the LORD had commanded Moses.

Study Helps

References and Original Words

Verse 16

Original words

So Joshuaיְהוֹשֻׁ֜עַH3091Noun - proper - masculine singular-אֶת־H853Direct object markertookוַיִּקַּ֨חH3947Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singularthisהַזֹּ֗אתH2063Article | Pronoun - feminine singularentireכָּל־H3605Noun - masculine singular constructregionהָאָ֣רֶץH776Article | Noun - feminine singularthe hill countryהָהָ֤רH2022Article | Noun - masculine singular-וְאֶת־H853Conjunctive waw | Direct object markerallכָּל־H3605Noun - masculine singular constructthe Negevהַנֶּ֙גֶב֙H5045Article | Noun - proper - feminine singular-וְאֵת֙H853Conjunctive waw | Direct object markerallכָּל־H3605Noun - masculine singular constructthe landאֶ֣רֶץH776Noun - feminine singular constructof Goshenהַגֹּ֔שֶׁןH1657Article | Noun - proper - feminine singular-וְאֶת־H853Conjunctive waw | Direct object markerthe [western] foothillsהַשְּׁפֵלָ֖הH8219Article | Noun - feminine singular-וְאֶת־H853Conjunctive waw | Direct object markerthe Arabahהָעֲרָבָ֑הH6160Article | Noun - feminine singular-וְאֶת־H853Conjunctive waw | Direct object markerand the mountainsהַ֥רH2022Noun - masculine singular constructof Israelיִשְׂרָאֵ֖לH3478Noun - proper - masculine singularand their foothillsוּשְׁפֵלָתֹֽה׃H8219Conjunctive waw | Noun - feminine singular construct | third person masculine singular
Verse 17

Original words

fromמִן־H4480PrepositionMountהָהָ֤רH2022Article | Noun - masculine singularHalakהֶֽחָלָק֙H2510Article | Adjective - masculine singularwhich risesהָעוֹלֶ֣הH5927Article | Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine singulartoward Seirשֵׂעִ֔ירH8165Noun - proper - feminine singularas far asוְעַד־H5704Conjunctive waw | Prepositionvvvבַּ֤עַלH1171PrepositionBaal-gadגָּד֙H1171Noun - proper - feminine singularin the Valleyבְּבִקְעַ֣תH1237Preposition-b | Noun - feminine singular constructof Lebanonהַלְּבָנ֔וֹןH3844Article | Noun - proper - feminine singularat the foot ofתַּ֖חַתH8478PrepositionMountהַר־H2022Noun - masculine singular constructHermonחֶרְמ֑וֹןH2768Noun - proper - feminine singular-וְאֵ֤תH853Conjunctive waw | Direct object markerHe capturedלָכַ֔דH3920Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person masculine singularallכָּל־H3605Noun - masculine singular constructtheir kingsמַלְכֵיהֶם֙H4428Noun - masculine plural construct | third person masculine pluraland struck them downוַיַּכֵּ֖םH5221Conjunctive waw | Verb - Hifil - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular | third person masculine pluralputting them to deathוַיְמִיתֵֽם׃H4191Conjunctive waw | Verb - Hifil - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular | third person masculine plural
Verse 18

Original words

Joshuaיְהוֹשֻׁ֛עַH3091Noun - proper - masculine singular. . .אֶת־H854Prepositionwagedעָשָׂ֧הH6213Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person masculine singularwarמִלְחָמָֽה׃H4421Noun - feminine singularagainst allכָּל־H3605Noun - masculine singular constructtheseהָאֵ֖לֶּהH428Article | Pronoun - common pluralkingsהַמְּלָכִ֥יםH4428Article | Noun - masculine pluralfor a long periodרַבִּ֗יםH7227Adjective - masculine pluralof timeיָמִ֣יםH3117Noun - masculine plural
Verse 19

Original words

Noלֹֽא־H3808Adverb - Negative particle. . .הָיְתָ֣הH1961Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person feminine singularcityעִ֗ירH5892Noun - feminine singular-אֲשֶׁ֤רH834Pronoun - relativemade peaceהִשְׁלִ֙ימָה֙H7999Verb - Hifil - Perfect - third person feminine singularwithאֶל־H413Prepositionthe Israelitesבְּנֵ֣יH1121Noun - masculine plural construct. . .יִשְׂרָאֵ֔לH3478Noun - proper - masculine singularexceptבִּלְתִּ֥יH1115Prepositionthe Hivitesהַחִוִּ֖יH2340Article | Noun - proper - masculine singularlivingיֹשְׁבֵ֣יH3427Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine plural constructin Gibeonגִבְע֑וֹןH1391Noun - proper - feminine singular-אֶת־H853Direct object markerallהַכֹּ֖לH3605Article | Noun - masculine singularothers were takenלָקְח֥וּH3947Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person common pluralin battleבַמִּלְחָמָֽה׃H4421Preposition-b, Article | Noun - feminine singular
Verse 20

Original words

Forכִּ֣יH3588Conjunctionit wasהָיְתָ֡הH1961Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person feminine singularofמֵאֵ֣תH854Preposition-m | Direct object markerthe LORDיְהוָ֣ה׀H3068Noun - proper - masculine singularto hardenלְחַזֵּ֣קH2388Preposition-l | Verb - Piel - Infinitive construct-אֶת־H853Direct object markertheir heartsלִבָּם֩H3820Noun - masculine singular construct | third person masculine pluralto engageלִקְרַ֨אתH7122Preposition-l | Verb - Qal - Infinitive constructIsraelיִשְׂרָאֵל֙H3478Noun - proper - masculine singular. . .לְמַ֣עַןH4616Conjunctionin battleהַמִּלְחָמָ֤הH4421Article | Noun - feminine singular. . .אֶת־H854Direct object markerso that they would be set apart for destructionהַֽחֲרִימָ֔םH2763Verb - Hifil - Infinitive construct | third person masculine plural[and] would receiveהֱיוֹת־H1961Verb - Qal - Infinitive construct. . .לָהֶ֖םPreposition-l | Pronoun - third person masculine pluralnoלְבִלְתִּ֥יH1115Preposition-lmercyתְּחִנָּ֑הH8467Noun - feminine singular-כִּ֚יH3588Conjunction-לְמַ֣עַןH4616Conjunctionbeing annihilatedהַשְׁמִידָ֔םH8045Verb - Hifil - Infinitive construct | third person masculine pluralasכַּאֲשֶׁ֛רH834Preposition-k | Pronoun - relativethe LORDיְהוָ֖הH3068Noun - proper - masculine singular-אֶת־H853Direct object markerhad commandedצִוָּ֥הH6680Verb - Piel - Perfect - third person masculine singularMosesמֹשֶֽׁה׃סH4872Noun - proper - masculine singular

BSB notes

  • Or stiffen or strengthen

Berean Standard Bible (BSB): CC0 Public Domain Scripture text. Focused passages are drawn from the same reader contract as the full chapter. Reference sources explains external study-link sources.