Greek · G3522 · unreviewed

νηστεύω

To abstain from food (religiously)

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νηστεύω G3522
Pronunciation nēsteúō

What does νηστεύω (nēsteúō) mean in the Bible?

νηστεύω (nēsteúō) is a Greek word meaning "to abstain from food (religiously)". νηστεύω (νῆστις), [in LXX for צוּם ;] to fast (Arist. Defines fasting as covenant dependence rather than religious performance. This term runs through the canonical themes of Covenant.

Full entry for νηστεύω (G3522) · Browse the biblical lexicon

Meaning

to abstain from food (religiously)
Extended definition

Religious self-denial through food abstinence, typically for spiritual focus or penitence.

(νῆστις), [in LXX for צוּם ;] to fast (Arist., Aristoph., al.): Mat.4:2 6:16-18 9:14-15 Mrk.2:18-20, Luk.5:33-35 18:12, Act.13:2-3.

Source: STEPBible TBESG + Abbott-Smith
Why This Word Matters
Defines fasting as covenant dependence rather than religious performance. Matthew 6:16–18
Grammatical Forms

How mood, tense, and voice shift the force of this verb in context.

Tenses
Present Future Aorist
Voices
Active
Indicative states a fact or reality
Present Active Matt 9:14 · Mark 2:18 · Luke 5:33 · Luke 18:12
Future Active Matt 9:15 · Mark 2:20 · Luke 5:35
Participle verbal adjective — the action as a modifying quality
Present Active Matt 6:16 · Mark 2:18 · Matt 6:17 · Matt 6:18 · Acts 13:2
Aorist Active Matt 4:2 · Acts 13:3
Infinitive verbal noun — the action in abstract
Present Active Mark 2:19
Aorist Active Luke 5:34
Subjunctive possibility, probability, or purpose
Present Active Matt 6:16
Discourse Aspect

How this verb appears across 19 occurrences in the NT discourse index (MACULA Greek SBLGNT).

Aspect
ongoing 6 prospective 3 subjunctive 1 infinitive 3 participle 6
Tense
present 13 aorist 3 future 3
Voice
active 19
Mood
indicative 9 participle 6 infinitive 3 subjunctive 1

Aspect reflects grammatical form — not authorial emphasis. Participles and infinitives are verbal adjectives and nouns respectively.

Clause data: MACULA Greek (Clear Bible, CC BY 4.0) · SBLGNT (Logos/SBL, CC BY 4.0)

Canonical Themes
Biblical Occurrences

Each occurrence shows the passage reference, the original language term as it appears in that context, its transliteration, and the contextual sense.

Word Pictures (Robertson)

A.T. Robertson's Word Pictures in the New Testament (1930–31) discusses this term in the following chapters. Open any chapter and go to the Word Pictures tab to read his verse-by-verse commentary.

A.T. Robertson, Word Pictures in the New Testament (1930–31) — public domain

Sources