Focused Passage

Joshua 10:16-21

The LORD Fights for Israel: Gibeon Rescued and the Southern Kings Defeated

When five Amorite kings attack Gibeon, Joshua marches to defend the oath-bound city, the LORD fights for Israel with panic, hailstones, and extended daylight, and the southern coalition collapses under divine judgment.

Berean Standard Bible, Public Domain - Translation notes - Reference sources

16Now the five kings had fled and hidden in the cave at Makkedah.

17And Joshua was informed: “The five kings have been found; they are hiding in the cave at Makkedah.”

18So Joshua said, “Roll large stones against the mouth of the cave, and post men there to guard them.

19But you, do not stop there. Pursue your enemies and attack them from behind. Do not let them reach their cities, for the LORD your God has delivered them into your hand.”

20So Joshua and the Israelites continued to inflict a terrible slaughter until they had finished them off, and the remaining survivors retreated to the fortified cities.

21The whole army returned safely to Joshua in the camp at Makkedah, and no one dared to utter a word against the Israelites.

Study Helps

References and Original Words

Verse 16

Cross-references

Psalms 68:12Classic cross-references

Original words

Now theהָאֵ֑לֶּהH428Article | Pronoun - common pluralfiveחֲמֵ֖שֶׁתH2568Number - masculine singular constructkingsהַמְּלָכִ֣יםH4428Article | Noun - masculine pluralhad fledוַיָּנֻ֕סוּH5127Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine pluraland hiddenוַיֵּחָבְא֥וּH2244Conjunctive waw | Verb - Nifal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine pluralin the caveבַמְּעָרָ֖הH4631Preposition-b, Article | Noun - feminine singularat Makkedahבְּמַקֵּדָֽה׃H4719Preposition-b | Noun - proper - feminine singular

Verse 17

Original words

And Joshuaלִיהוֹשֻׁ֣עַH3091Preposition-l | Noun - proper - masculine singularwas informedוַיֻּגַּ֖דH5046Conjunctive waw | Verb - Hofal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular. . .לֵאמֹ֑רH559Preposition-l | Verb - Qal - Infinitive constructThe fiveחֲמֵ֣שֶׁתH2568Number - masculine singular constructkingsהַמְּלָכִ֔יםH4428Article | Noun - masculine pluralhave been foundנִמְצְאוּ֙H4672Verb - Nifal - Perfect - third person common pluralthey are hidingנֶחְבְּאִ֥יםH2244Verb - Nifal - Participle - masculine pluralin the caveבַּמְּעָרָ֖הH4631Preposition-b, Article | Noun - feminine singularat Makkedahבְּמַקֵּדָֽה׃H4719Preposition-b | Noun - proper - feminine singular

Verse 18

Cross-references

Matthew 27:66Classic cross-references

Original words

So Joshuaיְהוֹשֻׁ֔עַH3091Noun - proper - masculine singularsaidוַיֹּ֣אמֶרH559Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singularRollגֹּ֛לּוּH1556Verb - Qal - Imperative - masculine plurallargeגְּדֹל֖וֹתH1419Adjective - feminine pluralstonesאֲבָנִ֥יםH68Noun - feminine pluralagainstאֶל־H413Prepositionthe mouthפִּ֣יH6310Noun - masculine singular constructof the caveהַמְּעָרָ֑הH4631Article | Noun - feminine singularand postוְהַפְקִ֧ידוּH6485Conjunctive waw | Verb - Hifil - Imperative - masculine pluralmenאֲנָשִׁ֖יםH582Noun - masculine pluralthereעָלֶ֛יהָH5921Preposition | third person feminine singularto guard themלְשָׁמְרָֽם׃H8104Preposition-l | Verb - Qal - Infinitive construct | third person masculine plural

Verse 19

Cross-references

Psalms 18:37Classic cross-references

Original words

But youוְאַתֶּם֙H859Conjunctive waw | Pronoun - second person masculine pluraldo notאַֽל־H408Adverbstop thereתַּעֲמֹ֔דוּH5975Verb - Qal - Imperfect - second person masculine pluralPursueרִדְפוּ֙H7291Verb - Qal - Imperative - masculine plural. . .אַחֲרֵ֣יH310Prepositionyour enemiesאֹֽיְבֵיכֶ֔םH341Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine plural construct | second person masculine pluraland attack them from behindוְזִנַּבְתֶּ֖םH2179Conjunctive waw | Verb - Piel - Conjunctive perfect - second person masculine plural-אוֹתָ֑םH853Direct object marker | third person masculine pluralDo notאַֽל־H408Adverblet themתִּתְּנ֗וּםH5414Verb - Qal - Imperfect - second person masculine plural | third person masculine pluralreachלָבוֹא֙H935Preposition-l | Verb - Qal - Infinitive construct. . .אֶל־H413Prepositiontheir citiesעָ֣רֵיהֶ֔םH5892Noun - feminine plural construct | third person masculine pluralforכִּ֧יH3588Conjunctionthe LORDיְהוָ֥הH3068Noun - proper - masculine singularyour Godאֱלֹהֵיכֶ֖םH430Noun - masculine plural construct | second person masculine pluralhas delivered themנְתָנָ֛םH5414Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person masculine singular | third person masculine pluralinto your handבְּיֶדְכֶֽם׃H3027Preposition-b | Noun - feminine singular construct | second person masculine plural

Verse 20

Cross-references

Jeremiah 4:5Classic cross-references Joshua 8:24Classic cross-references

Original words

-וַיְהִי֩H1961Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singularSo Joshuaיְהוֹשֻׁ֜עַH3091Noun - proper - masculine singularand the Israelitesוּבְנֵ֣יH1121Conjunctive waw | Noun - masculine plural construct. . .יִשְׂרָאֵ֗לH3478Noun - proper - masculine singularcontinuedכְּכַלּ֨וֹתH3615Preposition-k | Verb - Piel - Infinitive constructto inflictלְהַכּוֹתָ֛םH5221Preposition-l | Verb - Hifil - Infinitive construct | third person masculine plurala terribleגְדוֹלָֽה־H1419Adjective - feminine singular. . .מְאֹ֖דH3966Adverbslaughterמַכָּ֥הH4347Noun - feminine singularuntilעַד־H5704Prepositionthey had finished them offתֻּמָּ֑םH8552Verb - Qal - Infinitive construct | third person masculine pluraland the remainingוְהַשְּׂרִידִים֙H8300Conjunctive waw, Article | Noun - masculine pluralsurvivorsשָׂרְד֣וּH8277Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person common plural. . .מֵהֶ֔םPreposition-m | Pronoun - third person masculine pluralretreatedוַיָּבֹ֖אוּH935Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine pluraltoאֶל־H413Prepositionthe fortifiedהַמִּבְצָֽר׃H4013Article | Noun - masculine singularcitiesעָרֵ֥יH5892Noun - feminine plural construct

Verse 21

Cross-references

Exodus 11:7Classic cross-references Isaiah 54:17Classic cross-references Isaiah 57:4Classic cross-references Joshua 15:41Classic cross-references

Original words

The wholeכָל־H3605Noun - masculine singular constructarmyהָעָ֨םH5971Article | Noun - masculine singularreturnedוַיָּשֻׁבוּ֩H7725Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine pluralsafelyבְּשָׁל֑וֹםH7965Preposition-b | Noun - masculine singulartoאֶל־H413PrepositionJoshuaיְהוֹשֻׁ֛עַH3091Noun - proper - masculine singularinאֶל־H413Prepositionthe campהַמַּחֲנֶ֧הH4264Article | Noun - common singularat Makkedahמַקֵּדָ֖הH4719Noun - proper - feminine singular[and] no oneלֹֽא־H3808Adverb - Negative particledared to utterחָרַ֞ץH2782Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person masculine singulara wordלְשֹׁנֽוֹ׃H3956Noun - common singular construct | third person masculine singularagainstלְאִ֖ישׁH376Preposition-l | Noun - masculine singular-אֶת־H853Direct object markervvvלִבְנֵ֧יH1121Preposition-l | Noun - masculine plural constructthe Israelitesיִשְׂרָאֵ֛לH3478Noun - proper - masculine singular

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