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Greek · G5302 · unreviewed

ὑστερέω

To lack

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ὑστερέω G5302
Pronunciation hysteréō

What does ὑστερέω (hysteréō) mean in the Bible?

ὑστερέω (hysteréō) is a Greek word meaning "to lack". ὑστερέω, -ῶ (ὕστερος), [in LXX for חָסֵר, חָדַל etc.

Full entry for ὑστερέω (G5302) · Browse the biblical lexicon

Meaning

to lack
Extended definition

To fall short of a goal or standard; to lack what is needed or required

(ὕστερος), [in LXX for חָסֵר, חָדַל etc. ;] to come late, be behind (opposite to προτερέω, φθάνω; with genitive of thing(s), for; with genitive of person(s), later than). Metaphorical,

1of persons,
aabsol., to come short, fail: Heb.4:1; before ἀπό, Heb.12:15.;
bwith genitive of person(s), to come short of, be inferior to: 2Co.11:5; οὐδέν (in nothing, in no respect), 2Co.12:11; __(with) with reference to things, to come short (of ), be in want (of ): with accusative of thing(s), Mat.19:20 (Sir.51:24); with genitive of thing(s), Luk.22:35; so mid. (Diod., FlJ), Rom.3:23; absol., to be in want, suffer want, Luk.15:14, 1Co.8:8, 2Co.11:8, Heb.11:37 (Sir.11:11); opposite to περισσεύειν, Php.4:12; before ἐν, 1Co.1:7.
2Of things,
ato fail, be lacking: Jhn.2:3; with accusative of person(s) (see Swete, in l; Mozley, Psa.42:1-11), Mrk.10:21;
bto be inferior: mid., 1Co.12:24 (cf. ἀφ-υστερέω).
Source: STEPBible TBESG + Abbott-Smith
Grammatical Forms

How mood, tense, and voice shift the force of this verb in context.

Tenses
Present Perfect Aorist
Voices
Passive Active
Infinitive verbal noun — the action in abstract 5×
Present Passive Luke 15:14 · 1 Cor 1:7 · Phil 4:12 3×
Perfect Active 2 Cor 11:5 · Heb 4:1 2×
Indicative states a fact or reality 6×
Present Active Matt 19:20 · Mark 10:21 2×
Aorist Active Luke 22:35 · 2 Cor 12:11 2×
Present Passive Rom 3:23 · 1 Cor 8:8 2×
Participle verbal adjective — the action as a modifying quality 5×
Present Active 1 Cor 12:24 · Heb 12:15 2×
Aorist Active John 2:3 1×
Aorist Passive 2 Cor 11:9 1×
Present Passive Heb 11:37 1×
16 total occurrences across all forms in the biblical text Morphology: MorphGNT SBLGNT — CC BY-SA 3.0
Discourse Aspect

How this verb appears across 16 occurrences in the NT discourse index (MACULA Greek SBLGNT).

Aspect
completed 2 ongoing 4 infinitive 5 participle 5
Tense
present 10 aorist 4 perfect 2
Voice
active 9 passive 7
Mood
indicative 6 infinitive 5 participle 5
NT Occurrences
Matthew 19:20 ὑστερῶ present active indicative ongoing Mark 10:21 ὑστερεῖ present active indicative ongoing Luke 15:14 ὑστερεῖσθαι present passive infinitive infinitive Luke 22:35 ὑστερήσατε aorist active indicative completed John 2:3 ὑστερήσαντος aorist active participle participle Romans 3:23 ὑστεροῦνται present passive indicative ongoing 1 Corinthians 1:7 ὑστερεῖσθαι present passive infinitive infinitive 1 Corinthians 8:8 ὑστερούμεθα present passive indicative ongoing 1 Corinthians 12:24 ὑστεροῦντι present active participle participle 2 Corinthians 11:5 ὑστερηκέναι perfect active infinitive infinitive 2 Corinthians 11:9 ὑστερηθεὶς aorist passive participle participle 2 Corinthians 12:11 ὑστέρησα aorist active indicative completed Philippians 4:12 ὑστερεῖσθαι present passive infinitive infinitive Hebrews 4:1 ὑστερηκέναι perfect active infinitive infinitive Hebrews 11:37 ὑστερούμενοι present passive participle participle Hebrews 12:15 ὑστερῶν present active participle participle

Aspect reflects grammatical form — not authorial emphasis. Participles and infinitives are verbal adjectives and nouns respectively.

Clause data: MACULA Greek (Clear Bible, CC BY 4.0) · SBLGNT (Logos/SBL, CC BY 4.0)

Biblical Occurrences

Each occurrence shows the passage reference, the original language term as it appears in that context, its transliteration, and the contextual sense.

Biblical Witnesses
Luke 15:14 in want hysteréō Infinitive · Present Passive
to suffer want, be in need of basic necessities
Matthew 19:20 come short hysteréō Infinitive · Present Passive
to lack or be deficient in meeting a requirement
Romans 3:23 come short hysteréō Infinitive · Present Passive
to fall short of a standard, be deficient in glory
2 Corinthians 11:5 come short hysteréō Infinitive · Present Passive
to be inferior or lacking in comparison to others
Appears In

Compound and idiomatic lexemes in which this word is a constituent. Follow a link to study the phrase and its other participating words.

ἄρχω · ὑστερέω G757, G5302
began to lack, be in need
Word Pictures (Robertson)

A.T. Robertson's Word Pictures in the New Testament (1930–31) discusses this term in the following chapters. Open any chapter and go to the Word Pictures tab to read his verse-by-verse commentary.

Mark 10 — The Way of the Servant King: Marriage, Children, Wealth, Cross, Ransom, and Sight Matthew 19 — Marriage from Creation, Children Received, Riches Renounced, and the Reward of Following Christ

A.T. Robertson, Word Pictures in the New Testament (1930–31) — public domain

Sources

MorphGNT Strong's Dictionary XML — CC0 1.0 Public Domain

Open Scriptures Hebrew Bible (morphhb/OSHB) — CC BY 4.0

Open Scriptures Hebrew Lexicon — CC BY 4.0

STEPBible Data — CC BY 4.0

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