What does πένθος (pénthos) mean in the Bible?
πένθος (pénthos) is a Greek word meaning "grief".
Greek · G3997
πένθος
Grief
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πένθος G3997
Pronunciation pénthos
What does πένθος (pénthos) mean in the Bible?
πένθος (pénthos) is a Greek word meaning "grief".
Full entry for πένθος (G3997) · Open the biblical lexicon
Questions this entry answers
How does the BSB render G3997?
The BSB source-word alignment has 5 aligned rows for this entry. Common renderings include grief (3), mourning (2).
Where does πένθος (pénthos) appear in Scripture?
The source-word alignment first shows this entry at James 4:9. Its strongest book concentrations include Revelation (4), James (1).
Source Word Evidence
BSB source-word alignment connects this entry to exact verse rows, English rendering, source form, transliteration, and parsing.
How English Renders It grief 3× Revelation 18:7, Revelation 18:8
mourning 2× James 4:9, Revelation 21:4
Show sample aligned rows
James 4:9 πένθος to mourning Noun - Accusative Neuter Singular Revelation 18:7 πένθος to grief Noun - Accusative Neuter Singular Revelation 18:7 πένθος to grief Noun - Accusative Neuter Singular Revelation 18:8 πένθος to grief Noun - Nominative Neuter Singular Revelation 21:4 πένθος to mourning Noun - Nominative Neuter Singular
Usage map
A compact distribution from source-word alignment before the full evidence tables.
First aligned row James 4:9
Aligned rows 5
Books represented 2
James 1 Revelation 4
Source forms
πένθος 5x penthos James 4:9, Revelation 18:7, Revelation 18:8, Revelation 21:4
Parsing patterns
Noun - Accusative Neuter Singular 3x James 4:9, Revelation 18:7
Noun - Nominative Neuter Singular 2x Revelation 18:8, Revelation 21:4
Evidence Summary
Greek word. grief
Strong's G3997
Lexical occurrences 5 verses Greek text appearances 5 times Word forms 2 forms 5 references Verse guides 0 guides
Source Gloss
grief
Greek Text Appearances
Textus Receptus witness, full corpus Greek token appearances from Scrivener 1894 Textus Receptus in the full New Testament corpus.
5 Greek text appearances shown. Linked morphology labels have verse guides.
James 4:9 Noun Accusative Singular Neuter
πένθος penqov
mourning, sorrow
Read verse Revelation 18:7 Noun Accusative Singular Neuter
πένθος· penqov
mourning, sorrow
Read verse Revelation 18:7 Noun Accusative Singular Neuter
πένθος penqov
mourning, sorrow
Read verse Revelation 18:8 Noun Nominative Singular Neuter
πένθος penqov
mourning, sorrow
Read verse Revelation 21:4 Noun Nominative Singular Neuter
πένθος, penqov
mourning, sorrow
Read verseFull New Testament corpus: 260 chapters, 7,957 verses, 140,628 tokens. Data source: honza/textus-receptus (data only), with authority check against byztxt/greektext-textus-receptus.
Grammatical Forms
How this word appears across different grammatical cases and numbers.
This word appears as a noun across 2 case and number patterns. The form changes show how the word functions in a sentence; they do not change the basic lexical meaning by themselves.
Form patterns 2 Aligned forms 5 Case pattern Accusative (3) Number pattern Singular (5)
Verse guides are not available for this word yet, so verse references remain plain evidence markers.
Nominative · Singular · Neuter Rev 18:8 · Rev 21:4 2×
Accusative · Singular · Neuter Jas 4:9 · Rev 18:7 3×
Word Origins
πένθος is built from this root:
Part of These Phrases
Compound and idiomatic phrases that include this word. Follow a link to study the phrase and how its parts work together.
Sources
MorphGNT Strong's Dictionary XML — CC0 1.0 Public Domain
Open Scriptures Hebrew Bible (morphhb/OSHB) — CC BY 4.0
Open Scriptures Hebrew Lexicon — CC BY 4.0
Berean Standard Bible (BSB) source-word alignment - CC0 Public Domain