Isaiah 19

The Oracle Against Egypt, the Collapse of False Wisdom, and the Healing of the Nations

The chapter moves from the LORD riding on a swift cloud into Egypt, to idols trembling and hearts melting, to internal conflict and harsh rule, to the drying of the Nile and collapse of Egypt’s economy, to the humiliation of Egypt’s wisdom and leaders, to Egypt fearing Judah and the LORD, to cities speaking Canaan’s language, to altar and pillar worship, to Egypt crying to the LORD and being delivered, to the LORD striking and healing Egypt, and finally to a highway of worship joining Egypt, Assyria, and Israel under blessing.

World English Bible, Public Domain

The LORD comes on a swift cloud; Egypt’s idols tremble and hearts melt.

Isaiah 19:1-4

When the LORD rises in judgment, even ancient powers tremble from within.

1 The burden of Egypt. “Behold, Yahweh rides on a swift cloud, and comes to Egypt. The idols of Egypt will tremble at his presence; and the heart of Egypt will melt within it.

Egyptian society fractures, counsel is confused, false religion fails, and a cruel master rules.

2 I will stir up the Egyptians against the Egyptians, and they will fight everyone against his brother, and everyone against his neighbor; city against city, and kingdom against kingdom.

3 The spirit of Egypt will fail within it. I will destroy its counsel. They will seek the idols, the charmers, those who have familiar spirits, and the wizards.

4 I will give over the Egyptians into the hand of a cruel lord. A fierce king will rule over them,” says the Lord, Yahweh of Armies.

The waters fail, vegetation withers, and fishermen, flax workers, weavers, and laborers are crushed.

Isaiah 19:5-10

When God withholds sustaining provision, national prosperity withers.

5 The waters will fail from the sea, and the river will be wasted and become dry.

6 The rivers will become foul. The streams of Egypt will be diminished and dried up. The reeds and flags will wither away.

7 The meadows by the Nile, by the brink of the Nile, and all the sown fields of the Nile, will become dry, be driven away, and be no more.

8 The fishermen will lament, and all those who fish in the Nile will mourn, and those who spread nets on the waters will languish.

9 Moreover those who work in combed flax, and those who weave white cloth, will be confounded.

10 The pillars will be broken in pieces. All those who work for hire will be grieved in soul.

Egypt’s officials cannot understand the LORD’s plan, and the nation staggers under divine confusion.

Isaiah 19:11-15

When God confounds human wisdom, even the wise become foolish.

11 The princes of Zoan are utterly foolish. The counsel of the wisest counselors of Pharaoh has become stupid. How do you say to Pharaoh, “I am the son of the wise, the son of ancient kings?”

12 Where then are your wise men? Let them tell you now; and let them know what Yahweh of Armies has purposed concerning Egypt.

13 The princes of Zoan have become fools. The princes of Memphis are deceived. They have caused Egypt to go astray, who are the cornerstone of her tribes.

14 Yahweh has mixed a spirit of perverseness in the middle of her; and they have caused Egypt to go astray in all of its works, like a drunken man staggers in his vomit.

15 Neither shall there be any work for Egypt, which head or tail, palm branch or rush, may do.

Egypt fears the LORD Almighty and the purpose he has determined.

Isaiah 19:16-17

When God raises his hand, former powers become fearful and fragile.

16 In that day the Egyptians will be like women. They will tremble and fear because of the shaking of Yahweh of Armies’s hand, which he shakes over them.

17 The land of Judah will become a terror to Egypt. Everyone to whom mention is made of it will be afraid, because of the plans of Yahweh of Armies, which he determines against it.

Five cities speak the language of Canaan and swear loyalty to the LORD Almighty.

Isaiah 19:18-22

God wounds in judgment yet heals in mercy, drawing former oppressors into covenant worship.

18 In that day, there will be five cities in the land of Egypt that speak the language of Canaan, and swear to Yahweh of Armies. One will be called “The city of destruction.”

An altar and monument witness to the LORD; Egypt cries out, is rescued, knows the LORD, worships him, turns, and is healed.

19 In that day, there will be an altar to Yahweh in the middle of the land of Egypt, and a pillar to Yahweh at its border.

20 It will be for a sign and for a witness to Yahweh of Armies in the land of Egypt; for they will cry to Yahweh because of oppressors, and he will send them a savior and a defender, and he will deliver them.

21 Yahweh will be known to Egypt, and the Egyptians will know Yahweh in that day. Yes, they will worship with sacrifice and offering, and will vow a vow to Yahweh, and will perform it.

22 Yahweh will strike Egypt, striking and healing. They will return to Yahweh, and he will be entreated by them, and will heal them.

A highway joins Egypt and Assyria in worship, and Israel stands with them under the LORD’s blessing.

Isaiah 19:23-25

God’s redemptive purpose transforms hostility into shared blessing.

23 In that day there will be a highway out of Egypt to Assyria, and the Assyrian shall come into Egypt, and the Egyptian into Assyria; and the Egyptians will worship with the Assyrians.

24 In that day, Israel will be the third with Egypt and with Assyria, a blessing within the earth;

25 because Yahweh of Armies has blessed them, saying, “Blessed be Egypt my people, Assyria the work of my hands, and Israel my inheritance.”

Key Terms

מַשָּׂא maśśāʾ H4853
מִצְרַיִם miṣrayim H4714
עָב קַל ʿāḇ qal H5645
אֱלִילִים ʾĕlîlîm H457
נוּעַ nûaʿ H5128
לֵבָב lēḇāḇ H3824
סָכַךְ sāḵaḵ H5526
רוּחַ rûaḥ H7307
בָּלַע bālaʿ H1104
אֹבוֹת ʾōḇôṯ H178
יִדְּעֹנִים yiddeʿōnîm H3049
אֲדֹנִים קָשֶׁה ʾăḏōnîm qāšeh H113

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