What does קָשָׁה · σκληρός mean in the Bible?
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Hebrew · H7185, G4642
קָשָׁה
Properly, to be dense , i.e. tough or severe (in various applications) · hard
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What this page is: Each lexicon entry shows the original Hebrew or Greek word behind the English translation: its meaning, its range of use, and where it appears in Scripture.
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Words in this compound — expand to study each participant
קָשָׁה H7185 properly, to be dense , i.e. tough or severe (in various applications)
Pronunciation qāšāh
Describes hardness as density or rigidity—physical, moral, or relational—from obstinate resistance to severe cruelty.
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σκληρός G4642 hard
Pronunciation sklērós
Hard-hearted resistance to God's will; physical hardness metaphorically applied to moral stubbornness.
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What does קָשָׁה (qashah) mean in the Bible?
קָשָׁה · σκληρός is a Hebrew phrase meaning "To be hard, stiff, or resistant.".
Full entry for קָשָׁה (H7185, G4642) · Open the biblical lexicon
Questions this entry answers
How many biblical occurrences are listed for H7185, G4642?
H7185, G4642 is connected to 28 lexical occurrence verses in the lexicon data.
Evidence Summary
Hebrew phrase. To be hard, stiff, or resistant.
Source Gloss
To be hard, stiff, or resistant.
Grammatical Forms
How the stem changes the meaning of this verb across the biblical text.
This verb appears through different tense, voice, mood, or stem patterns. Those forms help readers see how the action is presented in context.
Form groups 3 Aligned forms 18
Hiphil causative active — the subject causes someone else to perform the action 13×
Perfect 1Kgs 12:4 · 2Chr 10:4 · Deut 2:30 · Exod 13:15 · Job 9:4 · Jer 19:15 · Neh 9:29 · 2Kgs 2:10 8×
Jussive 2Chr 30:8 · Ps 95:8 2×
Imperfect Deut 10:16 · Exod 7:3 2×
Participle active Prov 29:1 1×
Qal basic active stem — the word in its most common, direct sense 4×
Perfect 1Sam 5:7 · Gen 49:7 2×
Imperfect Deut 1:17 · Deut 15:18 2×
Niphal passive or reflexive — the subject receives or experiences the action 1×
Participle active Isa 8:21 1×
Word Origins
קָשָׁה is a primitive root - no further derivation.
Sources
MorphGNT Strong's Dictionary XML — CC0 1.0 Public Domain
Open Scriptures Hebrew Bible (morphhb/OSHB) — CC BY 4.0
Open Scriptures Hebrew Lexicon — CC BY 4.0
Berean Standard Bible (BSB) source-word alignment - CC0 Public Domain