What does יָרֵא (yare) mean in the Bible?
יָרֵא (yare) is the Hebrew verb for fearing, being afraid, or standing in reverence. Its sense depends on the object and setting: it can describe ordinary fear, dread before danger, or reverent fear of God.
To fear ; morally to revere ; causatively to frighten
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יָרֵא (yare) is the Hebrew verb for fearing, being afraid, or standing in reverence. Its sense depends on the object and setting: it can describe ordinary fear, dread before danger, or reverent fear of God.
Reader summary
Full entry for יָרֵא (H3372) · Open the biblical lexicon
יָרֵא (yare) is the Hebrew verb for fearing, being afraid, or standing in reverence. Its sense depends on the object and setting: it can describe ordinary fear, dread before danger, or reverent fear of God.
The BSB source-word alignment has 315 aligned rows for this entry. Common renderings include be afraid (72), fear (44), feared (13), and awesome (12), and fear (7).
The source-word alignment first shows this entry at Genesis 3:10. Its strongest book concentrations include Psalms (45), Deuteronomy (37), Isaiah (25), 1 Samuel (21).
This entry includes 6 verse guides that explain exact original-language forms in context.
יָרֵא (yare) is the Hebrew verb for fearing, being afraid, or standing in reverence. Its sense depends on the object and setting: it can describe ordinary fear, dread before danger, or reverent fear of God. The local Hebrew index currently counts about 329 H3372 occurrences in the OT.
Genesis 22:12 uses the verb when the angel tells Abraham, 'now I know that you fear God, since you have not withheld your son, your only son, from me.' In this scene Abraham's fear of God is demonstrated through costly obedience during the test. The verse does not reduce fear of God to this single action, but it joins reverence and obedience closely.
Deuteronomy 10:12 places fearing the Lord alongside walking in his ways, loving him, serving him wholeheartedly, and keeping his commands. The verb therefore belongs within a full covenant response rather than functioning as a synonym for panic.
Psalm 130:4 uses a passive form of the verb in the confession, 'with you there is forgiveness, so that you may be feared.' Forgiveness does not make reverence unnecessary; in the psalm it provides a reason for God's people to stand in awe of him and hope in his word.
The related noun יִרְאָה (yirah, H3374) carries the fear-of-the-Lord formula in wisdom texts such as Proverbs 1:7 and 9:10. Those related forms illuminate this verb, but they remain distinct lexical identities.
For the preacher, יָרֵא helps distinguish disabling dread from the reverent fear of God that expresses itself in trust and obedience, while allowing each passage to determine the precise sense.
יָרֵא is currently indexed about 329 times in the local Hebrew index. It can describe fear of people or danger, fear before divine holiness, reverence for God, respect for parents, and passive senses such as being feared or regarded as awesome. Related noun and adjective forms carry the same root family into wisdom and worship, but this profile keeps the H3372 verb distinct.
At this, Moses hid his face, for he was afraid to look at God.
At the burning bush the verb describes Moses's fear before the God of Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob. The immediate response is not presented as the whole doctrine of fearing God, but it shows creaturely fear in a direct encounter with divine holiness.
“Do not lay a hand on the boy or do anything to him,” said the angel, “for now I know that you fear God, since you have not withheld your only son from me.”
Abraham's fear of God is demonstrated through obedience in the test involving Isaac. The declaration 'now I know that you fear God' joins reverence to costly obedience in this narrative without making the event an exhaustive definition of every use of the verb.
And now, O Israel, what does the Lord your God ask of you but to fear the Lord your God by walking in all His ways, to love Him, to serve the Lord your God with all your heart and with all your soul,
Fearing the Lord is placed alongside walking in his ways, loving him, serving him wholeheartedly, and keeping his commands. The sequence shows that reverence and love are not treated as opposites and that fear belongs within Israel's wider covenant response.
Each of you must respect his mother and father, and you must keep My Sabbaths. I am the Lord your God.
Here the verb is directed toward one's mother and father and is commonly rendered respect or revere. The use demonstrates that H3372 is not restricted to terror or even to God as its object; context determines how fear or reverence is expressed.
But with You there is forgiveness, so that You may be feared.
The psalm connects God's forgiveness with his being feared. The passive form points to reverence as a fitting response to mercy, while the surrounding verses also emphasize waiting and hoping in the Lord's word.
BSB source-word alignment connects this entry to exact verse rows, English rendering, source form, transliteration, and parsing.
How English Renders ItA compact distribution from source-word alignment before the full evidence tables.
Verse-level guides showing how this original-language form works in its specific context, including grammar, verse function, and guarded interpretation.
Hebrew word. Fear and reverence converge: respect rooted in awe of God's power, not mere terror.
Fear and reverence converge: respect rooted in awe of God's power, not mere terror.
to fear; morally to revere; causatively to frighten BDB: fear Usage: affright, be (make) afraid, dread(-ful), (put in) fear(-ful, -fully, -ing), (be had in) reverence(-end), × see, terrible (act, -ness, thing).
How the stem changes the meaning of this verb across the biblical text.
This verb appears through different tense, voice, mood, or stem patterns. Those forms help readers see how the action is presented in context.
Selected passage-level study witnesses for this word. This section is not the full occurrence list.
Showing 5 selected witnesses from 329 lexical occurrence verses.
יָרֵא is a primitive root - no further derivation.
The enemy’s strategy centers on inducing fear; faithful obedience redirects fear toward reverence for God. Isaiah 37:1-7
It highlights the global recognition of the Lord’s majesty and authority. Isaiah 50:10-11
The Lord commands freedom from fear grounded in his promise. Isaiah 8:9-15
Defines covenant loyalty rooted in reverent trust. Micah 7:14-17
Reverent fear of God displaces panic and grounds faithful obedience. Nehemiah 6:1-14
Compound and idiomatic phrases that include this word. Follow a link to study the phrase and how its parts work together.
יָרֵא is a common Hebrew verb whose sense ranges from being afraid to revering or respecting someone. Genesis 22:12 joins fear of God to Abraham's costly obedience; Deuteronomy 10:12 places it beside walking, loving, serving, and keeping; Leviticus 19:3 uses it for respect toward parents; Exodus 3:6 portrays Moses afraid to look at God; and Psalm 130:4 connects God's forgiveness with his being feared.
These uses require contextual preaching rather than a single emotional definition. The related H3374 noun carries the fear-of-the-Lord wisdom formulas, so those texts illuminate the root family without being treated as H3372 verb occurrences. A faithful sermon should name the passage's object of fear, grammatical form, and covenant setting before moving to application.
It can then distinguish the fear that danger evokes from reverence that receives mercy and obeys God.
Gen.22.12
יָרֵא is commonly used as a stative verb for being afraid or standing in fear, with context supplying senses such as dread, reverence, or respect. The related noun יִרְאָה (yirah, H3374) carries many fear-of-the-Lord wisdom formulas, while H3373 identifies an afraid or God-fearing person. Niphal forms can describe someone or something as feared or awesome. English translations must therefore follow the object, stem, and passage rather than assuming that terror and reverence are equally active in every occurrence.
The NT continues to distinguish fear of judgment, reverence toward God, and fear before danger. Matthew 10:28 directs fear toward God rather than human persecutors; Acts 9:31 describes the church walking in the fear of the Lord and the comfort of the Holy Spirit; and 2 Corinthians 7:1 connects holiness with the fear of God. Philippians 2:12-13 places 'fear and trembling' beside confidence that God is at work in believers.
These passages form a canonical connection to the Hebrew fear vocabulary without claiming a one-to-one lexical transfer from H3372.
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