περισσός

G4053 describes what is more, greater, beyond a measure, abundant, unnecessary, or excessive. Many of its twenty-two governed forms are comparative, so the comparison named by the sentence matters. The word can describe greater honor, harder work, clearer evidence, more severe judgment, unnecessary writing, excessive sorrow, or abundant life. It does not make abundance morally good, excess morally evil, or one person intrinsically superior.

John 10:10 uses an adverbial form for the life Jesus gives in contrast to the thief who steals, kills, and destroys. The verse promises life in abundance through the shepherd, not wealth, health, social status, constant happiness, or insulation from suffering. Matthew 5 uses the adjective for speech beyond a truthful yes or no and for greeting beyond one's own circle. These sayings concern truthful integrity and enemy-love, not a ban on every careful explanation or a formula for earning God's favor.

Romans 3:1 asks about Jewish advantage and immediately answers that there is much in every way because Jewish people were entrusted with God's words. The question cannot support anti-Jewish contempt or the erasure of Israel's gifts. First Corinthians 12 gives greater honor to members treated as less honorable, while 15:10 describes Paul's harder labor and immediately attributes it to grace. Second Corinthians 2 warns against excessive sorrow after discipline and calls for forgiveness, comfort, and reaffirmed love. These texts resist status hierarchy, spiritual competition, harsh discipline, and shame that overwhelms a repentant person.

Twenty-two governed forms in twenty-one verses compare speech, welcome, prophetic importance, fear, accountability, honor, labor, sorrow, authority, generosity, priesthood, and life.