And
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Kai is the common Greek connector usually rendered “and,” though context may call for “also,” “even,” “then,” or an implicit connection in natural English. It joins words, phrases, clauses, actions, and larger movements of thought.
Reader summary
Full entry for καί (G2532) · Open the biblical lexicon
Kai is the common Greek connector usually rendered “and,” though context may call for “also,” “even,” “then,” or an implicit connection in natural English. It joins words, phrases, clauses, actions, and larger movements of thought.
The BSB source-word alignment has 9,023 aligned rows for this entry. Common renderings include and (5,165), - (1,920), Then (261), . . . (176), also (143).
The source-word alignment first shows this entry at Matthew 1:2. Its strongest book concentrations include Luke (1,470), Matthew (1,180), Revelation (1,123), Acts (1,110).
Kai is the common Greek connector usually rendered “and,” though context may call for “also,” “even,” “then,” or an implicit connection in natural English. It joins words, phrases, clauses, actions, and larger movements of thought. In John 1:14, it joins grace and truth within the prologue’s witness to the incarnate Word. In Matthew 28:19-20, repeated connections hold together going, disciple-making, baptizing, teaching, obedience, and Christ’s promised presence.
In Romans 8:30, linked clauses trace God’s saving action. Kai does not make joined items identical or equally prominent. Its faithful use begins with a simple question: what has the author connected, and how does the surrounding sentence explain their relationship?
Kai joins elements across New Testament sentences, from ordinary lists and narrative sequence to paired truths and accumulated argument. Context determines whether its force is and, also, even, then, or simple continuation.
The Word became flesh and made His dwelling among us. We have seen His glory, the glory of the one and only Son from the Father, full of grace and truth.
The joined phrase 'grace and truth' holds two terms together in John's witness to the Son. The conjunction links them, but the prologue gives them theological depth.
Therefore go and make disciples of all nations, baptizing them in the name of the Father and of the Son and of the Holy Spirit,
The repeated connector joins the Father, Son, and Holy Spirit in the baptismal formula. The passage's command and Trinitarian naming govern the claim.
And teaching them to obey all that I have commanded you. And surely I am with you always, even to the end of the age.”
The connector carries the Great Commission from making disciples and baptizing into teaching obedience. It helps readers see the command as a whole.
And God raised us up with Christ and seated us with Him in the heavenly realms in Christ Jesus,
Paul's joined verbs gather God's saving action into a connected sequence. The conjunction helps the sentence accumulate gospel realities.
And those He predestined, He also called; those He called, He also justified; those He justified, He also glorified.
Romans 8:30 uses repeated connections to trace God's saving action. The conjunction contributes to the chain, but Paul's argument supplies the assurance.
They devoted themselves to the apostles’ teaching and to the fellowship, to the breaking of bread and to prayer.
The connectors gather the early church's practices without forcing them into competition. The verse presents a whole pattern of devotion.
BSB source-word alignment connects this entry to exact verse rows, English rendering, source form, transliteration, and parsing.
How English Renders ItA compact distribution from source-word alignment before the full evidence tables.
Greek word. Coordinates elements while also marking transitions, contrasts, and logical connections beyond simple addition.
Textus Receptus witness, full corpus Greek token appearances from Scrivener 1894 Textus Receptus in the full New Testament corpus.
16 of 9,272 Greek text appearances shown. Linked morphology labels have verse guides.
and, even, also, namely
Read verseand, even, also, namely
Read verseand, even, also, namely
Read verseand, even, also, namely
Read verseand, even, also, namely
Read verseand, even, also, namely
Read verseand, even, also, namely
Read verseand, even, also, namely
Read verseand, even, also, namely
Read verseand, even, also, namely
Read verseand, even, also, namely
Read verseand, even, also, namely
Read verseand, even, also, namely
Read verseand, even, also, namely
Read verseand, even, also, namely
Read verseand, even, also, namely
Read verseFull New Testament corpus: 260 chapters, 7,957 verses, 140,628 tokens. Data source: honza/textus-receptus (data only), with authority check against byztxt/greektext-textus-receptus.
How this word appears across different grammatical cases and numbers.
This word appears as a noun across 2 case and number patterns. The form changes show how the word functions in a sentence; they do not change the basic lexical meaning by themselves.
Verse guides are not available for this word yet, so verse references remain plain evidence markers.
Selected passage-level study witnesses for this word. This section is not the full occurrence list.
Showing 1 selected witness from 8,973 lexical occurrence verses.
Compound and idiomatic phrases that include this word. Follow a link to study the phrase and how its parts work together.
Kai is ordinary enough to disappear in reading, yet its connections often protect the shape of a passage. John 1:14 holds grace and truth together in the witness to the Word made flesh. Matthew 28:19-20 refuses to separate disciple-making from baptism, teaching obedience, and the risen Lord’s presence. Ephesians 2 accumulates divine actions that locate salvation in God’s mercy and union with Christ.
Romans 8:30 traces a joined sequence whose assurance comes from God’s purpose, not from the conjunction by itself. Acts 2:42 gathers practices that marked the church’s shared devotion. The pastoral value of kai is therefore disciplined integration: notice what Scripture joins, preserve legitimate distinctions, and resist teaching one connected element as though the others were absent.
John.1.14
Kai functions chiefly as a conjunction and sometimes with adverbial force. The local Greek artifact currently groups about 8,973 occurrences. It may coordinate equal grammatical units, continue a narrative, accumulate clauses, introduce an additional item, or contribute emphatic “also” or “even” force. Punctuation and English style can obscure or redistribute the connection, so interpreters should examine the Greek units joined and their place in the discourse.
Both Testaments frequently teach through joined words, repeated sequences, covenant pairings, and accumulated acts of God. Kai is a New Testament grammatical connector within that broader scriptural habit. It can help readers trace command and promise, death and resurrection, grace and truth, faith and obedience, or judgment and mercy, but each passage defines the relationship and preserves the distinctions.
MorphGNT Strong's Dictionary XML — CC0 1.0 Public Domain
Open Scriptures Hebrew Bible (morphhb/OSHB) — CC BY 4.0
Open Scriptures Hebrew Lexicon — CC BY 4.0
Berean Standard Bible (BSB) source-word alignment - CC0 Public Domain