Gratuitously (literally or figuratively)
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Δωρεάν functions adverbially and has two context-governed ranges: freely or without payment, and without cause or to no purpose. In Romans 3:24, the first range qualifies God's act of justifying, which the sentence locates in grace and Christ's redemption.
Reader summary
Full entry for δωρεάν (G1432) · Open the biblical lexicon
Δωρεάν functions adverbially and has two context-governed ranges: freely or without payment, and without cause or to no purpose. In Romans 3:24, the first range qualifies God's act of justifying, which the sentence locates in grace and Christ's redemption.
The BSB source-word alignment has 9 aligned rows for this entry. Common renderings include Freely (5), for nothing (1), free of charge (1), without paying for it (1), without reason (1).
The source-word alignment first shows this entry at Matthew 10:8. Its strongest book concentrations include Matthew (2), Revelation (2), 2 Corinthians (1), 2 Thessalonians (1).
Δωρεάν functions adverbially and has two context-governed ranges: freely or without payment, and without cause or to no purpose. In Romans 3:24, the first range qualifies God's act of justifying, which the sentence locates in grace and Christ's redemption. Matthew 10:8 uses the same range twice within Jesus' commission: the disciples received freely and are to give freely.
John 15:25 uses the second range for hatred directed at Jesus without cause, while Galatians 2:21 says that if righteousness were through law, Christ died to no purpose. Revelation 21:6 and 22:17 use the gift range for the water of life. The adverb clarifies how an action is given or regarded in each sentence; it does not, by itself, settle every question about ministry support, the order of salvation, or the full theology of the cross.
The local artifact counts about nine uses of G1432. Its passages divide between freely or without payment and without cause or to no purpose. The governing sentence must decide the sense.
And are justified freely by His grace through the redemption that is in Christ Jesus.
The adverb describes justification as freely given and stands beside God's grace and the redemption in Christ. Its force belongs to that whole sentence, not to an isolated word formula.
Heal the sick, raise the dead, cleanse the lepers, drive out demons. Freely you have received; freely give.
The repeated adverb connects the disciples' reception with their giving inside this mission. The verse governs the commissioned acts named here and should not be detached into a complete policy for every form of ministry support.
But this is to fulfill what is written in their Law: ‘They hated Me without reason.’
Here δωρεάν describes the hatred as without cause. This is not the gift sense found in Romans 3:24 or Revelation.
I do not set aside the grace of God. For if righteousness comes through the law, then Christ died for nothing.
Paul uses the to-no-purpose range inside a conditional argument. The sentence denies that righteousness comes through law; it does not call Christ's death purposeless.
The Spirit and the bride say, “Come!” Let the one who hears say, “Come!” And let the one who is thirsty come, and the one who desires the water of life drink freely.
The adverb marks the water of life as freely available within an invitation that also says come and drink. It should not be made to answer questions the verse does not address.
BSB source-word alignment connects this entry to exact verse rows, English rendering, source form, transliteration, and parsing.
How English Renders ItA compact distribution from source-word alignment before the full evidence tables.
Greek word. Free gift from God, never earned or deserved; emphasizes grace without condition or payment required.
Textus Receptus witness, full corpus Greek token appearances from Scrivener 1894 Textus Receptus in the full New Testament corpus.
9 Greek text appearances shown. Linked morphology labels have verse guides.
as a free gift, without payment, freely
Read verseas a free gift, without payment, freely
Read verseas a free gift, without payment, freely
Read verseas a free gift, without payment, freely
Read verseas a free gift, without payment, freely
Read verseas a free gift, without payment, freely
Read verseas a free gift, without payment, freely
Read verseas a free gift, without payment, freely
Read verseas a free gift, without payment, freely
Read verseFull New Testament corpus: 260 chapters, 7,957 verses, 140,628 tokens. Data source: honza/textus-receptus (data only), with authority check against byztxt/greektext-textus-receptus.
How this word appears across different grammatical cases and numbers.
This word appears as a noun across 1 case and number pattern. The form changes show how the word functions in a sentence; they do not change the basic lexical meaning by themselves.
Verse guides are not available for this word yet, so verse references remain plain evidence markers.
δωρεάν is built from this root:
An adverb modifies an action in a sentence, so δωρεάν must be read with the action and argument it qualifies. Romans 3:24 places δωρεάν beside grace and redemption as it describes God's justifying act. In Matthew 10:8, the disciples' free reception governs their free giving within Jesus' commission. In John 15:25, hostility toward Jesus is without cause. In Galatians 2:21, a proposed route to righteousness through law would make Christ's death to no purpose.
Revelation applies the free-giving range to the water of life. These passages belong together as a lexical range, but they are not interchangeable proof texts. Careful teaching preserves each clause's agent, object, and purpose before drawing a larger synthesis. It also prevents the adverb from becoming a complete doctrine of salvation, a universal ministry-payment rule, or a claim that every invitation produces the same response.
Rom.3.24
The local artifact analyzes G1432 as an adverb with about nine uses. Its attested range includes freely or without payment, without cause, and to no purpose. Morphology identifies the form; the clause determines which sense is active.
Isaiah 55:1 invites people without money to receive water, wine, and milk. That passage can illuminate Revelation's water-of-life invitation, but the connection rests on the shared no-cost invitation and each passage's own context, not on a claim that one Greek adverb carries the whole biblical theology.
MorphGNT Strong's Dictionary XML — CC0 1.0 Public Domain
Open Scriptures Hebrew Bible (morphhb/OSHB) — CC BY 4.0
Open Scriptures Hebrew Lexicon — CC BY 4.0
Berean Standard Bible (BSB) source-word alignment - CC0 Public Domain