Pharaoh פַּרְעֹה
Egyptian Pharaoh during Solomon's reign
Biography
This Pharaoh was the Egyptian ruler during the reign of King Solomon (1Ki.3.1; 9.16). Solomon made an alliance with Pharaoh and married his daughter, who brought the city of Gezer as a dowry. Solomon built a separate palace for Pharaoh's daughter (1Ki.7.8; 9.24; 2Ch.8.11) and included her among his many foreign wives (1Ki.11.1).
The Bible also mentions that Hadad, an Edomite prince, fled to Egypt during David's reign and found favor with Pharaoh, who gave him land and provisions and arranged for him to marry the sister of Queen Tahpenes (1Ki.11.18-20). Hadad's son Genubath was raised in Pharaoh's court (1Ki.11.20).
The specific identity of this Pharaoh is not provided in the Bible. However, based on the historical and archaeological evidence, some scholars suggest that he may have been Siamun or Psusennes II, rulers of the 21st Dynasty of Egypt, which was contemporary with Solomon's reign.
Family
In Scripture
3 biblical books1 Kings 5 verses
- 1 Kings 3:1
"Solomon made an alliance with Pharaoh king of Egypt, and took Pharaoh’s daughter, and brought her into David’s city, until he had finished building his own house, Yahweh’s house, and the wall around Jerusalem."
- 1 Kings 7:8
"His house where he was to dwell, the other court within the porch, was of the like work. He made also a house for Pharaoh’s daughter (whom Solomon had taken as wife), like this porch."
- 1 Kings 9:16
"Pharaoh king of Egypt had gone up, taken Gezer, burned it with fire, killed the Canaanites who lived in the city, and given it for a wedding gift to his daughter, Solomon’s wife."
- 1 Kings 9:24
"But Pharaoh’s daughter came up out of David’s city to her house which Solomon had built for her. Then he built Millo."
- 1 Kings 11:1
"Now king Solomon loved many foreign women, together with the daughter of Pharaoh, women of the Moabites, Ammonites, Edomites, Sidonians, and Hittites;"
2 Chronicles 1 verse
- 2 Chronicles 8:11
"Solomon brought up Pharaoh’s daughter out of David’s city to the house that he had built for her; for he said, “My wife shall not dwell in the house of David king of Israel, because the places where Yahweh’s ark has come are holy.”"
Song of Solomon 1 verse
- Song of Solomon 1:9
"I have compared you, my love, to a steed in Pharaoh’s chariots."
Names & Aliases
| Form | Language | Script | Strong's |
|---|---|---|---|
| Named | Hebrew | פַּרְעֹה | H6547K |